Emotion socialization practices in non-biological parents of children with FASD

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2025.105011

Carson Kautz-Turnbull, Madeline Rockhold, Emily Speybroeck, Julianne Myers, Zhi Li, Christie L.M. Petrenko

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Abstract

Background

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) represent highly prevalent neurodevelopmental and physical differences associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. People with FASD have difficulty with emotion regulation and are often living with non-biological parents. Caregiver emotion socialization practices have been robustly associated with child emotion regulation development in other populations. Yet no research to date has examined the impact of caregiver factors such as age, relationship to child, and trauma on emotion socialization practices in children with FASD. This research is especially important in non-biological parents given complex parenting challenges they may face.

Methods

Eighty-seven children with FASD aged 4–12 and their primary caregivers (all non-biological parents) completed interview, observation, and caregiver-report measures of emotion socialization, caregiver emotion experience, and child emotion regulation and behavior. Emotion socialization included emotion coaching (approaching and encouraging emotion) and emotion dismissing (minimizing and discouraging emotion). Correlational and path analyses were used to understand relationships among caregiver factors and study variables.

Results

Correlations indicated greater emotion coaching was associated with greater emotion dismissing (p = .009). Older caregivers reported less emotion coaching (p < .001), while caregivers with greater adverse childhood experiences reported greater frequency of child disruptive behavior (p = .01).

Conclusion

Emotion coaching was associated was positively associated with emotion dismissing, suggesting caregivers use a combination of both. Results suggest age and childhood trauma may be important factors in caregiver emotion socialization practices, while caregiver type was less important in this sample. This emphasizes the challenges faced by non-biological parents of children with FASD.

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FASD 儿童非亲生父母的情感社会化实践

胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）表现出与产前酒精暴露相关的高度普遍的神经发育和身体差异。患有FASD的人在情绪调节方面有困难，通常与非亲生父母住在一起。在其他人群中，照顾者情绪社会化实践与儿童情绪调节发展密切相关。然而，迄今为止还没有研究调查照顾者因素，如年龄、与儿童的关系和创伤对FASD儿童情感社会化实践的影响。这项研究对非亲生父母尤其重要，因为他们可能面临复杂的养育挑战。方法87例4-12岁FASD患儿及其主要照顾者（均为非亲生父母）完成情绪社会化、照顾者情绪体验、儿童情绪调节和行为的访谈、观察和照顾者报告。情绪社会化包括情绪辅导（接近和鼓励情绪）和情绪消解（最小化和抑制情绪）。采用相关分析和通径分析了解照顾者因素与研究变量之间的关系。结果得分关系显示，情绪辅导越多，情绪疏离程度越高（p = .009）。年龄较大的照顾者报告的情绪指导较少（p <； .001），而童年不良经历较多的照顾者报告的儿童破坏性行为频率较高（p = .01）。结论情绪辅导与情绪疏解呈显著正相关，提示照顾者将两者结合使用。结果表明，年龄和童年创伤可能是照顾者情感社会化实践的重要因素，而照顾者类型在本样本中不太重要。这强调了FASD儿童的非亲生父母所面临的挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Research in Developmental Disabilities Multiple-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.50%

发文量

178

期刊介绍： Research In Developmental Disabilities is aimed at publishing original research of an interdisciplinary nature that has a direct bearing on the remediation of problems associated with developmental disabilities. Manuscripts will be solicited throughout the world. Articles will be primarily empirical studies, although an occasional position paper or review will be accepted. The aim of the journal will be to publish articles on all aspects of research with the developmentally disabled, with any methodologically sound approach being acceptable.