Healthy dietary patterns, biological aging, and kidney stones: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018.

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-03-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2025.1538289

Chengcheng Wei, Qian Yang, Jingke He, Yu Luo, Kun Han, Junkun Li, Shuai Su, Jindong Zhang, Hongxing Wang, Delin Wang

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Abstract

Background: This study aims to investigate the comprehensive association between healthy dietary patterns, biological aging, and kidney stones in a large population-based cohort.

Methods: We analyzed data from 6 cycles of NHANES surveys from 2007 to 2018 and included a total of 26,755 participants. The association was examined using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and a mediation model. Machine learning with Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used to determine the relative importance of dietary factors. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the stability of the results.

Results: A higher healthy dietary score was significantly associated with a reduced risk of kidney stone prevalence, as indicated by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.69-0.84), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Index (DASHI) (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.58-0.77), the Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020) (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.89), and the Mediterranean Diet Index (MEDI) (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.73-0.89). Conversely, higher aging indicators were associated with an increased risk of kidney stones, including the following: Klemera-Doubal Method Age (KDMAge) (OR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.70-3.37) and Phenotypic Age (PhenoAge) (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.75-3.19). Mediation analyses suggested that aging indicators significantly mediated the relationship between healthy dietary patterns and kidney stones. Machine learning with SHAP revealed the relative importance of dietary patterns and specific dietary components in this association. The sensitivity analysis was largely consistent with the primary analyses.

Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between dietary patterns, biological aging, and the risk of kidney stone. Promoting healthy dietary patterns may be an effective strategy for kidney stone prevention, potentially through the modulation of biological aging processes.

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健康饮食模式、生物衰老和肾结石：来自NHANES 2007-2018的证据

背景：本研究旨在调查健康饮食模式、生物衰老和肾结石之间的综合关系。方法：我们分析了2007年至2018年NHANES调查的6个 周期的数据，共包括26,755名参与者。使用逻辑回归、受限三次样条和中介模型检验了这种关联。使用沙普利加性解释（Shapley Additive explanatory， SHAP）的机器学习来确定饮食因素的相对重要性。进行敏感性分析以验证结果的稳定性。结果：较高的健康饮食评分与降低肾结石患病率的风险显著相关，如替代健康饮食指数（AHEI）（OR = 0.76,95% CI 0.69-0.84）、停止高血压的饮食方法指数（DASHI）（OR = 0.67,95% CI 0.58-0.77）、健康饮食指数2020 (HEI-2020) （OR = 0.80,95% CI 0.72-0.89）和地中海饮食指数（MEDI）（OR = 0.81,95% CI 0.73-0.89）所示。相反，较高的衰老指标与肾结石风险增加相关，包括以下指标：klemera -双法年龄（KDMAge）（OR = 2.40,95% CI 1.70-3.37）和表型年龄（PhenoAge）（OR = 2.36,95% CI 1.75-3.19）。中介分析表明，衰老指标在健康饮食模式与肾结石的关系中起着显著的中介作用。使用SHAP的机器学习揭示了饮食模式和特定饮食成分在这种关联中的相对重要性。敏感性分析与初步分析基本一致。结论：这些发现为饮食模式、生物衰老和肾结石风险之间复杂的相互作用提供了有价值的见解。促进健康的饮食模式可能是预防肾结石的有效策略，可能通过调节生物衰老过程。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

2891

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.