Global, regional, and National Burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to dietary risks from 1990 to 2021.

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-03-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2025.1555159

Kaixuan Wang, Shuaiqi Chen, Mengmeng Wang, Qingjiang Han, Yuchuan Hou, Xiaohui Wang

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Abstract

Background: Dietary risks are increasingly reported as a cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the trends in the burden of CKD attributable to dietary risks have yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods: This study extracted two major indicators related to CKD caused by dietary risks from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database for the years 1990 to 2021, including deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). It used estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and percentage change to assess the trends in the burden of CKD caused by dietary risks. The relationship between Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and disease burden was also further analyzed. Additionally, we utilized the contemporary age-period-cohort model from NORDPRED to project future burden of CKD attributable to dietary risks.

Results: In 2021, globally, the number of deaths due to CKD caused by dietary risks was 317,010, and the number of DALYs was 7,971,281, approximately 2-3 times that of 1990, and it was expected to continue to rise before 2040. The global death rates and DALY rates of CKD related to dietary risks had increased, with EAPCs of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.69) and 0.39 (95% CI: 0.35 to 0.42), respectively. From a gender perspective, men were more likely to suffer from CKD due to dietary risks. From an age pattern perspective, in 2021, the number of deaths due to CKD caused by dietary risks peaked among men aged 70-74 and women aged 85-89. Additionally, the highest number of DALYs due to CKD caused by dietary risks was observed among men and women aged 65-69. In terms of socioeconomic factors, from 1990 to 2021, as the SDI increased, the age-standardized death rates and DALY rates due to CKD caused by dietary risks generally decreased. Among the seven dietary habits related to dietary risks, low vegetable intake, low fruit intake, and high sodium intake had the greatest impact.

Conclusion: In summary, over the past 32 years, the burden of CKD attributable to dietary risks has rapidly increased globally, and it is expected to continue rising until 2040. Therefore, interdisciplinary actions involving education, policy, and healthcare should be taken to mitigate this growing trend.

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1990年至2021年饮食风险导致的全球、区域和国家慢性肾脏疾病负担

背景：饮食风险越来越多地被报道为慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）的一个原因。然而，饮食风险导致CKD负担的趋势尚未完全阐明。方法：本研究从1990年至2021年的全球疾病负担（GBD）数据库中提取了与饮食风险引起的CKD相关的两个主要指标，包括死亡和残疾调整生命年（DALYs）。它使用估计的年度百分比变化（EAPC）和百分比变化来评估饮食风险引起的CKD负担的趋势。进一步分析了社会人口指数（SDI）与疾病负担的关系。此外，我们利用来自NORDPRED的当代年龄-时期队列模型来预测饮食风险导致的CKD未来负担。结果：2021年，全球因饮食风险导致的CKD死亡人数为317,010人，DALYs人数为7,971,281人，约为1990年的2-3倍，预计到2040年将继续上升。与饮食风险相关的CKD的全球死亡率和DALY率增加，eapc分别为0.63 （95% CI: 0.57至0.69）和0.39 （95% CI: 0.35至0.42）。从性别角度来看，由于饮食风险，男性更容易患慢性肾病。从年龄模式的角度来看，2021年，由饮食风险引起的CKD死亡人数在70-74岁的男性和85-89岁的女性中达到顶峰。此外，在65-69岁的男性和女性中，饮食风险引起的CKD导致的DALYs数量最多。在社会经济因素方面，从1990年到2021年，随着SDI的增加，由饮食风险引起的CKD的年龄标准化死亡率和DALY率普遍下降。在与饮食风险相关的7种饮食习惯中，低蔬菜摄入量、低水果摄入量和高钠摄入量的影响最大。结论：综上所述，在过去32 年中，全球因饮食风险导致的CKD负担迅速增加，预计将持续上升至2040年。因此，应该采取包括教育、政策和医疗保健在内的跨学科行动来缓解这一日益增长的趋势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

2891

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.