Effectiveness of nurse-initiated smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI:10.1186/s13011-025-00648-8

Eun-Hye Lee, Hea-Jin Yu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Smoking is a major preventable cause of death, associated with cancers and chronic diseases. Nurse-initiated smoking cessation programs have proven effective, providing counseling, education, and mental health support. These interventions increase quit rates by tackling nicotine addiction, emphasizing the important role of nurses and the need for targeted training. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential for gaining a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of various cessation strategies.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using eight electronic databases (CINAHL, EMbase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, RISS, KMbase, KISS, and NDSL). The literature search was conducted from March, 27, 2024, to August 1, 2024. All included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Quality assessment was conducted using the Risk of Bias (ROB) tool. RevMan 5.4 was used for qualitative analysis, with effect sizes measured as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Thirteen studies, all published after 2005, were included in the evidence assessment of nurse-initiated smoking cessation programs. The interventions examined comprised 11 intensive or personalized counseling programs and 3 telephone-based approaches. The OR for self-reported quit success 7-day smoking cessation rate at 6-month follow-up was 1.43 (95% CI [1.08, 1.90]), indicating a significant difference in quit effectiveness (Z = 2.27, p =.01), with moderate heterogeneity observed across studies (I² = 67.0%, p =.001). A meta-analysis of 7-day point abstinence rate at 12-month follow-up revealed a pooled OR of 1.18 (95% CI [0.96, 1.44]), showing no significant difference in quit effectiveness (Z = 1.58, p =.11) and moderate heterogeneity among the studies (I² = 55.0%, p =.02).

Conclusions: A comprehensive approach by trained nursing professionals is essential in addressing the complexities of smoking cessation. Further clinical trials are needed to assess intervention methods and follow-up strategies. Future research should emphasize long-term outcomes and ongoing support to sustain behavior change, contributing to more effective, tailored cessation programs and improved public health outcomes.

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护士发起的戒烟干预的有效性：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景：吸烟是一种主要的可预防的死亡原因，与癌症和慢性病有关。护士发起的戒烟项目已被证明是有效的，提供咨询、教育和心理健康支持。这些干预措施通过解决尼古丁成瘾问题提高了戒烟率，强调了护士的重要作用和有针对性培训的必要性。系统评价和荟萃分析对于更深入地了解各种戒烟策略的有效性至关重要。方法：采用8个电子数据库（CINAHL、EMbase、MEDLINE、Cochrane、RISS、KMbase、KISS、NDSL）进行文献检索。文献检索时间为2024年3月27日至2024年8月1日。所有纳入的研究均为随机对照试验（RCTs）。采用风险偏倚（Risk of Bias， ROB）工具进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4进行定性分析，效应量以比值比（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）计量。结果：13项研究均在2005年之后发表，纳入了护士发起的戒烟计划的证据评估。研究的干预措施包括11个密集或个性化的咨询项目和3个基于电话的方法。在6个月随访中，自我报告戒烟成功的7天戒烟率OR为1.43 (95% CI[1.08, 1.90])，表明戒烟有效性存在显著差异（Z = 2.27, p = 0.01），各研究间存在中等异质性（I2 = 67.0%, p = 0.001）。对随访12个月的7天点戒断率进行meta分析，合并OR为1.18 (95% CI[0.96, 1.44])，表明两组研究间戒烟有效性无显著差异（Z = 1.58, p = 0.11），异质性中等（I2 = 55.0%, p = 0.02）。结论：在解决戒烟的复杂性时，由训练有素的护理专业人员采取综合方法是必不可少的。需要进一步的临床试验来评估干预方法和随访策略。未来的研究应强调长期结果和持续支持，以维持行为改变，有助于更有效，量身定制的戒烟计划和改善公共卫生结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy Medicine-Health Policy

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that encompasses research concerning substance abuse, with a focus on policy issues. The journal aims to provide an environment for the exchange of ideas, new research, consensus papers, and critical reviews, to bridge the established fields that share a mutual goal of reducing the harms from substance use. These fields include: legislation pertaining to substance use; correctional supervision of people with substance use disorder; medical treatment and screening; mental health services; research; and evaluation of substance use disorder programs.