Comparative Evaluation of Cigarette Smoke and a Heated Tobacco Product on Corneal Oxidative Stress in an Air/Liquid Interface Model.

IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Sebastiano Giallongo, Francesco Bellia, Andrea Russo, Matteo Fallico, Riccardo Polosa, Niccolò Castellino, Antonio Longo, Rosalia Emma, Konstantinos Partsinevelos, Massimo Caruso, Arief S Kartasasmita, Giuseppe Sferrazzo, Ignazio Alberto Barbagallo, Rosario Caltabiano, Giuseppe Broggi, Amer M Alanazi, Giovanni Li Volti
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Abstract

Purpose: Tobacco smoke harbors toxic combustion by-products contributing to inflammatory diseases. Cigarette smoke's impact on ocular diseases has been poorly characterized, despite conjunctival mucosa's sensitivity to these toxicants. Of note, cigarette smoke triggers redness, tearing, and discomfort, accounting as a risk factor for glaucoma, macular degeneration, cataracts, and other eye conditions. Low quit rates of cessation highlight the need for alternatives. Heated tobacco products (HTPs), may represent a less toxic alternative for those smokers. This study evaluates cigarette smoke and HTPs effects on cornea under standard and clinically relevant conditions.

Methods: Corneal tissues collected from donors and in vitro model in two different cell lines of corneal epithelium were exposed to cigarette (1R6F) smoke and HTPs vapor. Air exposure was included as a control. Tissue pathological evaluation was carried out by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured, and quantitative PCR assessed inflammatory and antioxidant genes expression. Proteome analysis was used to evaluate differentially expressed proteins related to the oxidative stress. Scratch assay measured smoke and HTPs impact on cells.

Results: Hematoxylin & eosin staining highlighted that cigarette smoke impairs corneal tissue integrity, leading to ROS accumulation and inflammation, as proved by qPCR analysis. Proteomic analysis showed that corneal tissue's proteins were differently oxidized by the different experimental conditions. HTP targeted structural intracellular proteins, whereas 1R6F affects different members of collagen family. Finally, cigarette smoke, but not HTPs, impairs epithelial cells wound closure.

Conclusions: Smoking increases oxidative stress, leading to significant corneal damage and inflammation. HTPs may offer a less toxic alternative.

在空气/液体界面模型中,香烟烟雾和加热烟草制品对角膜氧化应激的比较评价。
目的:烟草烟雾含有有毒燃烧副产物,可导致炎症性疾病。尽管结膜粘膜对这些有毒物质敏感,但香烟烟雾对眼部疾病的影响尚未明确。值得注意的是,香烟烟雾会引发红肿、流泪和不适,是青光眼、黄斑变性、白内障和其他眼部疾病的危险因素。较低的戒烟率突出了替代品的必要性。加热烟草制品(htp),可能是这些吸烟者毒性较小的替代品。本研究在标准和临床相关条件下评估吸烟和HTPs对角膜的影响。方法:将两种不同细胞系角膜上皮的供体和离体模型角膜组织暴露于香烟(1R6F)烟雾和HTPs蒸气中。空气暴露作为对照。采用苏木精和伊红染色进行组织病理评价。检测活性氧(ROS),定量PCR检测炎症和抗氧化基因的表达。蛋白质组学分析用于评估与氧化应激相关的差异表达蛋白。划痕实验测量了烟雾和HTPs对细胞的影响。结果:苏木精和伊红染色显示,香烟烟雾损害角膜组织完整性,导致ROS积累和炎症,qPCR分析证实。蛋白质组学分析表明,在不同的实验条件下,角膜组织的蛋白质被氧化的程度不同。HTP针对细胞内结构蛋白,而1R6F影响胶原蛋白家族的不同成员。最后,香烟烟雾损害上皮细胞的伤口愈合,而不是htp。结论:吸烟增加氧化应激,导致明显的角膜损伤和炎症。htp可能提供一个毒性较小的替代方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
339
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (IOVS), published as ready online, is a peer-reviewed academic journal of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). IOVS features original research, mostly pertaining to clinical and laboratory ophthalmology and vision research in general.
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