Utilizing Psychedelics to Enhance Well-Being: A Systematic Review.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Samuel Thomson, Nikos Thomacos
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Abstract

Psychedelic-assisted therapy is gaining recognition for its potential to enhance human functioning. While most research has focused on psychedelic' therapeutic use for mental illness, this review applies the PERMA Theory of Well-Being to systematically examine their role in enhancing well-being in healthy individuals. The final search of five academic databases was conducted on February 4, 2024, including studies published from 1994. After applying the inclusion criteria (controlled or naturalistic experimental design with an outcome measurement at least 7 days post-consumption), 19 studies were included. Encompassing 949 participants, two studies involved 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), seven ayahuasca, two lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and eight psilocybin. Results consistently indicate psychedelic consumption is related to enduring enhancements in PERMA's five elements of well-being, including positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. While discussion of adverse effects was frequently absent, no serious adverse effects were reported in six studies. Future research should address the limitations of the included studies by conducting larger-scale, longitudinal randomized controlled trials that incorporate a comprehensive assessment of well-being. Nevertheless, the findings of this systematic review call for a paradigm shift, moving beyond a disease-focused lens to recognizing psychedelics' capacity to enhance well-being in healthy individuals, ultimately fostering human flourishing.

利用致幻剂提高幸福感:一项系统综述。
致幻剂辅助疗法因其增强人体功能的潜力而获得认可。虽然大多数研究都集中在迷幻药对精神疾病的治疗用途上,但本综述应用PERMA幸福感理论系统地研究了迷幻药在提高健康个体幸福感方面的作用。2024年2月4日,对五个学术数据库进行了最后的搜索,包括1994年以来发表的研究。应用纳入标准(对照或自然实验设计,并在消费后至少7天测量结果)后,纳入了19项研究。包括949名参与者,两项研究涉及5-甲氧基- n, n -二甲基色胺(5-MeO-DMT), 7名死藤水,2名麦角酸二乙胺(LSD)和8名裸盖菇素。结果一致表明,迷幻药消费与PERMA幸福感的五个要素的持续增强有关,包括积极情绪、参与、关系、意义和成就。虽然经常缺乏对不良反应的讨论,但在六项研究中没有报告严重的不良反应。未来的研究应该通过进行更大规模的纵向随机对照试验来解决纳入研究的局限性,这些试验包括对幸福感的全面评估。然而,这一系统综述的发现要求范式转变,超越以疾病为中心的视角,认识到致幻剂增强健康个体福祉的能力,最终促进人类繁荣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.10%
发文量
62
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