{"title":"Association of the dietary index for gut microbiota with sleep disorder among US adults: the mediation effect of dietary inflammation index.","authors":"Yingying Li, Fang Pan, Xiaofei Shen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1528677","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between gut microbiota and sleep disorders, characterized by the persistent inability to achieve adequate sleep, with dietary composition playing a key role in maintaining microbiota homeostasis. Our study aims to explore the relationship between the newly proposed Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and sleep disorders, as well as whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) mediates this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is based on data from 30,406 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018, a cross-sectional survey that represents the U.S. adult population. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders. Subgroup interaction analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the results. Mediation analysis was employed to explore the effect of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DI-GM score was significantly negatively correlated with sleep disorders. After adjusting for covariates, each unit increase in DI-GM was associated with a 5% reduction in the prevalence of sleep disorders (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, there was a trend toward a decrease in the prevalence of sleep disorders with increasing DI-GM (trend <i>p</i> < 0.05). Dose-response curve analysis revealed a linear relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders, with higher DI-GM scores being associated with lower prevalence of sleep disorders. DII was positively correlated with sleep disorders (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and decreased as DI-GM increased (<i>β</i> = -0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that DII significantly mediated the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders, with a mediation proportion of 27.36% (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study indicate that the DI-GM score was significantly negatively correlated with sleep disorders. A higher DI-GM score is associated with a lower incidence of sleep disorders, while the DII significantly mediated the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders. Specifically, an increase in DII may attenuate the protective effect of DI-GM on sleep disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1528677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955485/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1528677","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between gut microbiota and sleep disorders, characterized by the persistent inability to achieve adequate sleep, with dietary composition playing a key role in maintaining microbiota homeostasis. Our study aims to explore the relationship between the newly proposed Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and sleep disorders, as well as whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) mediates this relationship.
Methods: This study is based on data from 30,406 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018, a cross-sectional survey that represents the U.S. adult population. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders. Subgroup interaction analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the results. Mediation analysis was employed to explore the effect of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders.
Results: The DI-GM score was significantly negatively correlated with sleep disorders. After adjusting for covariates, each unit increase in DI-GM was associated with a 5% reduction in the prevalence of sleep disorders (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a trend toward a decrease in the prevalence of sleep disorders with increasing DI-GM (trend p < 0.05). Dose-response curve analysis revealed a linear relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders, with higher DI-GM scores being associated with lower prevalence of sleep disorders. DII was positively correlated with sleep disorders (p < 0.001) and decreased as DI-GM increased (β = -0.37, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that DII significantly mediated the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders, with a mediation proportion of 27.36% (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the DI-GM score was significantly negatively correlated with sleep disorders. A higher DI-GM score is associated with a lower incidence of sleep disorders, while the DII significantly mediated the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders. Specifically, an increase in DII may attenuate the protective effect of DI-GM on sleep disorders.
期刊介绍:
No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health.
Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.