National analysis of the dietary index for gut microbiota and kidney stones: evidence from NHANES (2007-2018).

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have highlighted the effects of diet and gut microbiota on the incidence of kidney stones, and the dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) is a new dietary index that accurately represents the variety of gut microbiota. The current study intends to examine the potential correlation between DI-GM and kidney stones.

Methods: Data from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were employed in this cross-sectional study. The history of kidney stones was assessed using a kidney conditions questionnaire. In order to examine the correlation between DI-GM and kidney stones, multivariate logistic regression was implemented. Additionally, smoothed curve fitting, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results: The investigation encompassed a total of 21,587 participants. After adjusting for all potential covariates, we found that DI-GM was negatively related to the incidence of kidney stones (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93-0.98, p = 0.0021). Compared to those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile had a lower prevalence of kidney stones (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.75-0.98, p = 0.0252). Additionally, smoothed curve fitting revealed that DI-GM was linearly associated with the incidence of kidney stones. The results of the sensitivity analyses proved the robustness of the main analyses.

Conclusion: A negative correlation between the incidence of kidney stones and DI-GM is supported by the evidence presented in this study. This finding emphasizes the potential benefits of adjusting dietary structure according to DI-GM in reducing the incidence of kidney stones. Further research should validate this discovery by employing longitudinal studies.