The Role of Well-Being, Divergent Thinking, and Cognitive Reserve in Different Socio-Cultural Contexts.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI:10.3390/brainsci15030249

Francesca Garau, Alessandro Antonietti, Natale Salvatore Bonfiglio, Beatrice Madeddu, Maura Crepaldi, Jessica Giannì, Giulia Fusi, Laura Colautti, Virginia Maria Borsa, Massimiliano Palmiero, Maria Luisa Rusconi, Maria Pietronilla Penna

{"title":"The Role of Well-Being, Divergent Thinking, and Cognitive Reserve in Different Socio-Cultural Contexts.","authors":"Francesca Garau, Alessandro Antonietti, Natale Salvatore Bonfiglio, Beatrice Madeddu, Maura Crepaldi, Jessica Giannì, Giulia Fusi, Laura Colautti, Virginia Maria Borsa, Massimiliano Palmiero, Maria Luisa Rusconi, Maria Pietronilla Penna","doi":"10.3390/brainsci15030249","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many protective factors promote psychological well-being (PWB) in the elderly and contribute to healthy aging, such as engagement, positive emotions, and cognitive reserve (CR), which includes education, leisure, and work activities. CR sustains cognitive functioning and positively correlates with creativity, particularly divergent thinking (DT), helping older adults cope with everyday challenges and enhancing their PWB.Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between DT, CR, PWB, memory functions, depression, stress, and anxiety indexes even in the Blue Zone (BZ), an area known for extraordinary longevity and high PWB.Methods: A total of 165 Italian healthy older adults (Mage = 73.8, SD = 6.7) from Milan (MI), Bergamo (BG), Cagliari (CA), and BZ were enrolled and divided into four groups according to their origin. Generalized linear models (GLMs) with normal and gamma link functions were used.Results: BZ presented higher DT and PWB indices than the cities but lower CR, particularly in education.Conclusions: This study highlights the influence of DT in supporting cognitive functions and PWB, suggesting that PWB and DT are key protective factors in aging.","PeriodicalId":9095,"journal":{"name":"Brain Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940472/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Brain Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15030249","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Many protective factors promote psychological well-being (PWB) in the elderly and contribute to healthy aging, such as engagement, positive emotions, and cognitive reserve (CR), which includes education, leisure, and work activities. CR sustains cognitive functioning and positively correlates with creativity, particularly divergent thinking (DT), helping older adults cope with everyday challenges and enhancing their PWB.

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between DT, CR, PWB, memory functions, depression, stress, and anxiety indexes even in the Blue Zone (BZ), an area known for extraordinary longevity and high PWB.

Methods: A total of 165 Italian healthy older adults (Mage = 73.8, SD = 6.7) from Milan (MI), Bergamo (BG), Cagliari (CA), and BZ were enrolled and divided into four groups according to their origin. Generalized linear models (GLMs) with normal and gamma link functions were used.

Results: BZ presented higher DT and PWB indices than the cities but lower CR, particularly in education.

Conclusions: This study highlights the influence of DT in supporting cognitive functions and PWB, suggesting that PWB and DT are key protective factors in aging.

查看原文本刊更多论文

不同社会文化背景下幸福感、发散思维和认知储备的作用。

背景：许多保护性因素促进老年人的心理健康（PWB），有助于健康老龄化，如参与、积极情绪和认知储备（CR），包括教育、休闲和工作活动。CR维持认知功能，并与创造力，特别是发散性思维（DT）呈正相关，帮助老年人应对日常挑战并增强他们的PWB。目的：本研究旨在探讨蓝区（BZ）中DT、CR、PWB、记忆功能、抑郁、压力和焦虑指数之间的关系，蓝区是一个以长寿和高PWB而闻名的区域。方法：选取来自米兰（MI）、贝加莫（BG）、卡利亚里（CA）和BZ的165名意大利健康老年人（Mage = 73.8, SD = 6.7），按原籍分为4组。采用具有正态和伽马链函数的广义线性模型（GLMs）。结果：BZ的DT和PWB指数均高于城市，而CR则低于城市，特别是在教育方面。结论：本研究突出了DT对认知功能和PWB的支持作用，提示PWB和DT是衰老的关键保护因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Brain Sciences Neuroscience-General Neuroscience

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

9.10%

发文量

1472

审稿时长

18.71 days

期刊介绍： Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes and short communications in the areas of cognitive neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, molecular and cellular neuroscience, neural engineering, neuroimaging, neurolinguistics, neuropathy, systems neuroscience, and theoretical and computational neuroscience. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.