Running a genetic stop sign accelerates oxygen metabolism and energy production in horses

IF 44.7 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1126/science.adr8589

Gianni M. Castiglione, Xin Chen, Zhenhua Xu, Nadir H. Dbouk, Anamika A. Bose, David Carmona-Berrio, Emiliana E. Chi, Lingli Zhou, Tatiana N. Boronina, Robert N. Cole, Shirley Wu, Abby D. Liu, Thalia D. Liu, Haining Lu, Ted Kalbfleisch, David Rinker, Antonis Rokas, Kyla Ortved, Elia J. Duh

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Abstract

Horses are among nature’s greatest athletes, yet the ancestral molecular adaptations fueling their energy demands are poorly understood. Within a clinically important pathway regulating redox and metabolic homeostasis (NRF2/KEAP1), we discovered an ancient mutation—conserved in all extant equids—that increases mitochondrial respiration while decreasing tissue-damaging oxidative stress. This mutation is a de novo premature opal stop codon in KEAP1 that is translationally recoded into a cysteine through previously unknown mechanisms, producing an R15C mutation in KEAP1 that is more sensitive to electrophiles and reactive oxygen species. This recoding enables increased NRF2 activity, which enhances mitochondrial adenosine 5′-triphosphate production and cellular resistance to oxidative damage. Our study illustrates how recoding of a de novo stop codon, a strategy thought restricted to viruses, can facilitate adaptation in vertebrates.

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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