A critical review on pear Fruit’s polyphenols and its chlorogenic acid: Composition, bioavailability, and pharmacological potential

Abstract

Pear fruits contain diverse sources of phenolic compounds such as Chlorogenic acid (CGA), flavonoids, and stilbene. CGA is one the most important and biologically active compounds among phenolic compounds which can be naturally found in pear. Recent studies demonstrated that CGA plays an important role in maintaining human health, offering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer benefits, and free radicals scavenger. This review discusses the potential use of pears by products as nutraceuticals and highlights polyphenol composition in pear fruit, particularly the bioavailability and potential mechanism of CGA in mitigating chronic diseases and antioxidative role as a free radicals scavenger. The present study will help to deepen our understanding of the application of CGA and their dietary supplement in the prevention of different biological disorders such as lipid and glucose-impaired metabolism, diabetes, cardiac disease, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neurological disorders. Moreover, the findings of the studies highlight the vast literature gap concerning the bioavailability of CGA in pears and their possible therapeutic action in human health. Overall, CGA from pear may be particularly use as a functional food, dietary supplement, and pharmaceutical for the management and prevention of chronic disease and antioxidant activity.