Reconfigurable intelligent surface in underground mines radio localization: A review

Abstract

Precision positioning systems are critical for reducing mining accidents and enhancing production efficiency. The unique constraints of underground mine environments pose significant challenges to traditional indoor positioning technologies, emphasizing the importance of developing new positioning solutions suitable for underground mines. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), an emerging 6G communication technology, have gained significant attention for their potential in positioning, offering a novel approach to underground mine localization. This paper focuses on RIS-assisted positioning within wireless communication systems, excluding discussions on radar-based sensing and other non-communication sensor applications. It provides a comprehensive survey of literature on RIS-assisted positioning, discussing its potential and challenges in various underground mining scenarios. First, we elaborate on the working principles and channel models of RIS, summarizing the key advantages that make RIS suitable for positioning. Next, we review and classify existing RIS positioning technologies. Finally, we analyze the challenges for RIS-assisted wireless positioning technologies in underground mines.