The Longitudinal Relationship Between Children's Internalizing Problems and Family Difficulties: The Role of Child Executive Functioning and Parenting Flexibility.

IF 3.7 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Youth and Adolescence Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1007/s10964-025-02165-0

Hongyu Zou, Yanxiang Tan, Kaiwen Bi, Qing Zeng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Research has extensively examined how a poor family climate influences internalizing problems in children. However, studies investigating the directional relationship between children's internalizing issues and family difficulties, particularly in Chinese populations, remain limited. To address this gap, the current study employed a longitudinal design involving three rounds of surveys with 282 elementary school students (45.74% girls, M_age = 9.73 ± 1.54 years at Time 1) and their parents. Cross-lagged panel model analyses revealed several key findings: children's internalizing problems consistently predicted subsequent family difficulties, while family difficulties did not significantly affect children's internalizing problems. Additionally, parenting flexibility at Time 2 (T2) mediated the relationship between children's internalizing problems at Time 1 (T1) and family difficulties at Time 3 (T3). Children's executive functioning at T2 also mediated the association between internalizing problems at T1 and family difficulties at T3. These findings underscore the importance of enhancing children's executive functioning and improving parenting flexibility to mitigate the negative effects of children's internalizing problems on family dynamics.

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来源期刊

Journal of Youth and Adolescence PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

6.10%

发文量

155

期刊介绍： Journal of Youth and Adolescence provides a single, high-level medium of communication for psychologists, psychiatrists, biologists, criminologists, educators, and researchers in many other allied disciplines who address the subject of youth and adolescence. The journal publishes quantitative analyses, theoretical papers, and comprehensive review articles. The journal especially welcomes empirically rigorous papers that take policy implications seriously. Research need not have been designed to address policy needs, but manuscripts must address implications for the manner society formally (e.g., through laws, policies or regulations) or informally (e.g., through parents, peers, and social institutions) responds to the period of youth and adolescence.