Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder, epigenetics, and heterochrony: An evolutionary and developmental approach.

IF 3.1 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Matteo Tonna, Davide Fausto Borrelli, Carlo Marchesi, Maria Carla Gerra, Cristina Dallabona
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Abstract

Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) stems from a bunch of restricted and repetitive behaviors, which are part of normal behavioral repertoire up to the age of 7. The persistence of compulsive-like behaviors after that age is often associated with unique comorbidity patterns, which are age-at-onset dependent and reflect different developmental stages. In particular, OCD synchronically co-occurs with a broad constellation of neurodevelopmental disorders, whereas diachronically it is related to an increased risk of major adult psychoses. Moreover, OCD is associated with trait-like sensory phenomena, suggesting a common disrupted sensorimotor grounding.The present study is aimed at exploring the hypothesis that this specific temporal and comorbidity OCD profile may be due to a developmental heterochronic mechanism of delay in attenuation of ontogenetically early behavioral patterns. The developmental shift of highly evolutionarily conserved behavioral phenotypes might be regulated by epigenetic changes induced by different conditions of sensory unbalance. This evolutionary and developmental model allows capturing childhood OCD in light of the ultimate causes of ritual behavior throughout phylogeny, namely its "homeostatic" function over conditions of unpredictability. Moreover, it may have important clinical implications, as OCD symptoms could represent putative biomarkers of early divergent developmental trajectories, with a pathoplastic effect on course and outcome.

儿童强迫症,表观遗传学,和异时性:一个进化和发展的方法。
儿童强迫症(OCD)源于一系列受限制和重复的行为,这些行为是7岁之前正常行为的一部分。在这个年龄之后,强迫性行为的持续通常与独特的共病模式有关,这些模式与年龄有关,反映了不同的发育阶段。特别是,强迫症与一系列广泛的神经发育障碍同时发生,而它与主要成人精神病的风险增加有关。此外,强迫症与类似特质的感觉现象有关,这表明一种常见的被破坏的感觉运动基础。本研究旨在探讨一种假设,即这种特定的时间和共病强迫症可能是由于个体发育早期行为模式衰减延迟的发育异慢性机制。高度进化保守的行为表型的发育转变可能受到不同感觉不平衡条件引起的表观遗传变化的调控。这种进化和发展模型可以根据整个系统发育过程中仪式行为的最终原因,即其在不可预测性条件下的“稳态”功能,来捕捉儿童强迫症。此外,它可能具有重要的临床意义,因为强迫症症状可能代表早期不同发育轨迹的推定生物标志物,对病程和结果具有致病作用。
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来源期刊
Development and Psychopathology
Development and Psychopathology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
9.10%
发文量
319
期刊介绍: This multidisciplinary journal is devoted to the publication of original, empirical, theoretical and review papers which address the interrelationship of normal and pathological development in adults and children. It is intended to serve and integrate the field of developmental psychopathology which strives to understand patterns of adaptation and maladaptation throughout the lifespan. This journal is of interest to psychologists, psychiatrists, social scientists, neuroscientists, paediatricians, and researchers.
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