Comparative effects of different sugar substitutes: Mogroside V, stevioside, sucralose, and erythritol on intestinal health in a type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse†

IF 5.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Food & Function Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1039/D4FO04446K
Huaxue Huang, Sha Liu, Zhi Peng, Bin Wang, Shuang Zhan, Sirui Huang, Wei Li, Dai Liu, Xiulian Yang, Yizhun Zhu and Wenjun Xiao
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Abstract

Intestinal health disorders significantly contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sugar substitutes such as mogroside V (MOG), stevioside (ST), sucralose (TGS), and erythritol (ERT), are increasingly used in T2DM management as alternatives to sucrose (SUC). However, their effects on intestinal health in T2DM have not been fully compared. In the present study, we established a T2DM mouse model using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. These mice were treated with equal doses of SUC, MOG, ST, TGS, or ERT for 4 weeks to evaluate the effects of these sugar substitutes on intestinal health in T2DM. T2DM mice exhibited increased intestinal permeability, reduced goblet cell numbers, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and alterations in both gut microbiota and metabolite composition. After 4 weeks of treatment, MOG showed the most significant benefits. MOG activates the PI3K/AKT pathway, enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins, which improves intestinal barrier function and reduces permeability. This is accompanied by NF-κB inhibition, leading to reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and increased mucus secretion. These changes help maintain healthy gut microbiota and metabolites, preventing pathogenic bacteria from entering the bloodstream. ST downregulates NF-κB to alleviate intestinal inflammation and improves gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis in T2DM. ERT has less beneficial effects. TGS and SUC reduce intestinal inflammation and have a better effect on the duodenum. However, TGS has a negative effect on the colon microbiota and metabolites, whereas SUC has a negative effect on the colon microbiota alone. MOG improved intestinal health in T2DM by modulating the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways, whereas ST primarily modulated NF-κB to alleviate intestinal inflammation. Both treatments were effective, with MOG showing the best performance. Therefore, MOG can be considered a viable alternative to SUC for T2DM management.

Abstract Image

不同糖替代品:甜菊糖苷V、甜菊糖苷、三氯蔗糖和赤藓糖醇对2型糖尿病小鼠肠道健康的比较作用
肠道健康障碍对2型糖尿病(T2DM)的发展有重要影响。糖替代品如mogro苷V (MOG)、甜菊糖苷(ST)、三氯蔗糖(TGS)和赤藓糖醇(ERT)越来越多地用于T2DM治疗,作为蔗糖(SUC)的替代品。然而,它们对T2DM患者肠道健康的影响尚未得到充分比较。在本研究中,我们采用高脂肪饮食和注射链脲佐菌素建立T2DM小鼠模型。这些小鼠用等剂量的SUC、MOG、ST、TGS或ERT治疗4周,以评估这些糖替代品对T2DM患者肠道健康的影响。T2DM小鼠表现出肠道通透性增加,杯状细胞数量减少,促炎细胞因子水平升高,肠道微生物群和代谢物组成改变。治疗4周后,MOG显示出最显著的疗效。MOG激活PI3K/AKT通路,增强紧密连接蛋白的表达,改善肠道屏障功能,降低通透性。这伴随着NF-κB抑制,导致促炎细胞因子产生减少和粘液分泌增加。这些变化有助于维持健康的肠道微生物群和代谢物,防止致病菌进入血液。ST下调NF-κB,减轻T2DM患者肠道炎症,改善肠道菌群和代谢稳态。ERT的有益效果较小。TGS和SUC均能减轻肠道炎症,对十二指肠有较好的作用。然而,TGS对结肠微生物群和代谢物有负面影响,而SUC仅对结肠微生物群有负面影响。MOG通过调节PI3K/AKT和NF-κB通路改善T2DM患者肠道健康,而ST主要通过调节NF-κB通路缓解肠道炎症。两种治疗均有效,MOG治疗效果最佳。因此,MOG可以被认为是T2DM治疗的可行替代方案。
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来源期刊
Food & Function
Food & Function BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
6.60%
发文量
957
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Food & Function provides a unique venue for physicists, chemists, biochemists, nutritionists and other food scientists to publish work at the interface of the chemistry, physics and biology of food. The journal focuses on food and the functions of food in relation to health.
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