{"title":"Invariant subspace perturbation of a matrix with Jordan blocks","authors":"Hongguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2025.02.019","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how invariant subspaces corresponding to a single eigenvalue will change when a matrix is perturbed. We focus on the invariant subspaces corresponding to an eigenvalue associated with the Jordan blocks that have the same size. An invariant subspace can be expressed as the range of a full column matrix. We characterize the perturbed invariant subspaces with such matrices expressed in a sum form that exhibits the fractional orders. We also provide the formulas for the coefficient matrices associated with the zero and first fractional orders. The results extend the standard invariant subspace perturbation theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"711 ","pages":"Pages 143-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002437952500076X","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We investigate how invariant subspaces corresponding to a single eigenvalue will change when a matrix is perturbed. We focus on the invariant subspaces corresponding to an eigenvalue associated with the Jordan blocks that have the same size. An invariant subspace can be expressed as the range of a full column matrix. We characterize the perturbed invariant subspaces with such matrices expressed in a sum form that exhibits the fractional orders. We also provide the formulas for the coefficient matrices associated with the zero and first fractional orders. The results extend the standard invariant subspace perturbation theory.
期刊介绍:
Linear Algebra and its Applications publishes articles that contribute new information or new insights to matrix theory and finite dimensional linear algebra in their algebraic, arithmetic, combinatorial, geometric, or numerical aspects. It also publishes articles that give significant applications of matrix theory or linear algebra to other branches of mathematics and to other sciences. Articles that provide new information or perspectives on the historical development of matrix theory and linear algebra are also welcome. Expository articles which can serve as an introduction to a subject for workers in related areas and which bring one to the frontiers of research are encouraged. Reviews of books are published occasionally as are conference reports that provide an historical record of major meetings on matrix theory and linear algebra.