Infant attention and frontal EEG neuromarkers of childhood ADHD

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI:10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101524

Cassondra M. Eng , Leslie A. Patton , Martha Ann Bell

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Numerous electroencephalogram (EEG) studies have sought to elucidate the neural mechanisms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with most of the existing literature focused on children, adolescents, and adults. In this retrospective study, measures of frontal EEG power and behavioral attention of 40 5-month-old infants later diagnosed with ADHD in childhood were compared to 40 systematically matched-control infants. Compared to the control group, infants in the ADHD group exhibited longer looking fixations during an attention task. Frontal EEG power in the 6–9 Hz infant alpha band was lower in the ADHD group compared to the control group. Mean frontal EEG power was associated with visual fixations, underscoring specific attention behavior corresponding to frontal brain development in infancy. Infants later diagnosed with ADHD exhibited higher attention problems in childhood at ages 4 and 9 compared to the control group, and longer looking fixations in infancy were associated with higher childhood ADHD-related symptomatology. These findings suggest that decreased infant frontal EEG power and looking fixations as early as 5-months of age may serve as important early markers of later ADHD and can aid in building a more comprehensive model of ADHD from a developmental neuroscience approach.

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儿童多动症的婴儿注意力和额叶脑电图神经标记物

大量的脑电图（EEG）研究试图阐明注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的神经机制，现有的文献大多集中在儿童、青少年和成人身上。在这项回顾性研究中，我们将40名在儿童期诊断为ADHD的5个月大婴儿的额叶脑电图功率和行为注意力与40名系统匹配的对照婴儿进行了比较。与对照组相比，ADHD组的婴儿在注意力任务中表现出更长时间的注视。与对照组相比，ADHD组6-9 Hz婴儿α带额叶脑电图功率较低。平均额叶脑电图功率与视觉注视有关，强调了与婴儿额叶脑发育相对应的特定注意行为。与对照组相比，后来被诊断为多动症的婴儿在4岁和9岁时表现出更高的注意力问题，婴儿时期注视时间较长与儿童多动症相关症状较高相关。这些发现表明，早在5个月大的婴儿额叶脑电图功率下降和注视注视可能是后期ADHD的重要早期标志，并有助于从发育神经科学的角度建立更全面的ADHD模型。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience NEUROSCIENCES-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

10.60%

发文量

124

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal publishes theoretical and research papers on cognitive brain development, from infancy through childhood and adolescence and into adulthood. It covers neurocognitive development and neurocognitive processing in both typical and atypical development, including social and affective aspects. Appropriate methodologies for the journal include, but are not limited to, functional neuroimaging (fMRI and MEG), electrophysiology (EEG and ERP), NIRS and transcranial magnetic stimulation, as well as other basic neuroscience approaches using cellular and animal models that directly address cognitive brain development, patient studies, case studies, post-mortem studies and pharmacological studies.