The future of diagnosis in mental health: Promises and challenges of biomarkers to identify reliable and highly predictive biosignatures of affective disorders.

IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Alessandra Berry, Mario Luciano, Francesca Cirulli, Andrea Fiorillo
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Current evidence points to a research-practice gap in mental health. There is a specific unmet need to identify novel strategies to improve diagnostic criteria, especially when clinical manifestations overlap as in the case of bipolar (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Based on the rapidly evolving notion that affective disorders are characterized by disrupted brain-body communication, current efforts of neuropsychiatric research are converging towards the identification of specific clusters of peripheral interconnected biomarkers. We argue that these can capture the complexity of the disease as they are linked to the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms underlying BD or MDD, and can thus deliver an unbiased biosignature. Here we provide a critical viewpoint on the promises and challenges of biomarkers to identify reliable biosignatures of affective disorders. Novel methodological insight and relevant biomarkers are discussed with a main focus on immunometabolic derangements and disrupted redox balance. Major advancements are reviewed taking into consideration that an unbiased diagnosis can only derive from a deep understanding of how biological, psychological, and social factors interact ultimately affecting the clinical manifestation of affective disorders.

心理健康诊断的未来:识别情感障碍的可靠和高预测性生物特征的生物标志物的承诺和挑战。
目前的证据表明,在心理健康方面存在研究与实践的差距。有一个特殊的未满足的需求,即确定新的策略来改善诊断标准,特别是当临床表现重叠时,如双相情感障碍(BD)和重度抑郁症(MDD)。基于快速发展的观念,情感性障碍的特征是脑-体通信中断,目前神经精神病学研究的努力正在集中于识别特定的外周相互关联的生物标志物簇。我们认为,这些可以捕捉到疾病的复杂性,因为它们与双相障碍或重度抑郁症的基本病理生理机制有关,因此可以提供公正的生物标记。在这里,我们对生物标志物的前景和挑战提供了一个关键的观点,以确定情感障碍的可靠生物特征。新的方法学见解和相关的生物标志物进行了讨论,主要集中在免疫代谢紊乱和氧化还原平衡破坏。我们回顾了主要的进展,考虑到公正的诊断只能源于对生物、心理和社会因素如何相互作用最终影响情感性障碍临床表现的深刻理解。
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来源期刊
European Psychiatry
European Psychiatry 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
3.80%
发文量
2338
审稿时长
4.5 weeks
期刊介绍: European Psychiatry, the official journal of the European Psychiatric Association, is dedicated to sharing cutting-edge research, policy updates, and fostering dialogue among clinicians, researchers, and patient advocates in the fields of psychiatry, mental health, behavioral science, and neuroscience. This peer-reviewed, Open Access journal strives to publish the latest advancements across various mental health issues, including diagnostic and treatment breakthroughs, as well as advancements in understanding the biological foundations of mental, behavioral, and cognitive functions in both clinical and general population studies.
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