Immigration and labour productivity: A comparative effect

IF 5.4 1区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
Blaise Gnimassoun
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of immigration on labour productivity by distinguishing between global effects and the effects of intra-African immigration. Theoretically, intra-African immigration is expected to have relatively larger effects due to the low level of intra-African trade and the resulting differences in the prices of goods and factors. Empirically, I rely on a panel of 187 countries, including 53 African countries, over the period 1990–2019, and use a gravity-based instrumental variables approach to address endogeneity. The results show that intra-African immigration has a positive, significant, and robust impact on labour productivity in Africa. This impact is greater than the effect of immigration in the global sample and primarily occurs through improvements in total factor productivity and capital efficiency. While immigration tends to reduce capital productivity globally, intra-African immigration enhances it in Africa. Furthermore, the services sector benefits more from the positive effects of immigration.
移民与劳动生产率:比较效应
本文通过区分全球影响和非洲内部移民的影响来考察移民对劳动生产率的影响。从理论上讲,由于非洲内部贸易水平较低以及由此导致的商品和要素价格差异,预计非洲内部移民将产生相对较大的影响。在经验上,我依赖于一个由187个国家组成的小组,其中包括1990年至2019年期间的53个非洲国家,并使用基于重力的工具变量方法来解决内生性问题。研究结果表明,非洲内部移民对非洲的劳动生产率具有积极、显著和强劲的影响。在全球样本中,这种影响大于移民的影响,主要是通过全要素生产率和资本效率的提高来实现的。虽然移民往往会降低全球的资本生产率,但非洲内部移民却会提高非洲的资本生产率。此外,服务部门从移民的积极影响中获益更多。
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来源期刊
World Development
World Development Multiple-
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
5.80%
发文量
320
期刊介绍: World Development is a multi-disciplinary monthly journal of development studies. It seeks to explore ways of improving standards of living, and the human condition generally, by examining potential solutions to problems such as: poverty, unemployment, malnutrition, disease, lack of shelter, environmental degradation, inadequate scientific and technological resources, trade and payments imbalances, international debt, gender and ethnic discrimination, militarism and civil conflict, and lack of popular participation in economic and political life. Contributions offer constructive ideas and analysis, and highlight the lessons to be learned from the experiences of different nations, societies, and economies.
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