Causation, trait correlation, and translation: Developmental brain imaging in research on neuropsychiatric conditions of childhood

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI:10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101513

John N. Constantino , Anna M. Constantino-Pettit

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Abstract

An irresistible but elusive promise of the field of developmental neuroimaging is to advance mechanistic understanding of neuropsychiatric conditions of childhood, toward translation to higher-impact intervention. In this article we wish to address a diversity of perspectives on that promise, which were expressed in a summarizing forum of the Fetal, Infant, and Toddler Neuroimaging Group (FIT’NG) conference in Santa Rosa, CA in September 2023. We organize our remarks according to three contemporary paradoxes: (1) the contrasting implications of neural correlates of development that reflect causes versus effects (or epiphenomena) of behavioral atypicality; (2) the interpretation of transient deviations in brain development that are associated with enduring developmental traits; and (3) the intensifying pursuit of discovery of neural correlates of behavior in an era of still-limited capacity to manipulate the course of early brain and behavioral development. In the article we leverage examples of recent advances in brain and behavioral science that help reconcile progress, skepticism, and hope as an emerging field matures and attracts new scientists into its ranks.

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因果关系、特质相关性和转译：儿童神经精神疾病研究中的发展性脑成像

发育神经影像学领域的一个不可抗拒但难以捉摸的承诺是推进对儿童神经精神状况的机制理解，朝着转化为更高影响的干预。在这篇文章中，我们希望解决关于这一承诺的各种观点，这些观点是在2023年9月在加利福尼亚州圣罗莎举行的胎儿、婴儿和幼儿神经影像学组（FIT’ng）会议的总结论坛上表达的。我们根据三个当代悖论来组织我们的评论：(1)反映行为非典型性的原因与结果（或副现象）的发育神经相关的对比含义；(2)对大脑发育过程中与持久发育特征相关的短暂偏差的解释；(3)在一个控制早期大脑和行为发育过程的能力仍然有限的时代，对行为的神经关联的发现的不断追求。在这篇文章中，我们利用了大脑和行为科学的最新进展的例子，帮助调和进步、怀疑和希望，作为一个新兴领域的成熟，并吸引新的科学家加入它的行列。

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来源期刊

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience NEUROSCIENCES-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

10.60%

发文量

124

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal publishes theoretical and research papers on cognitive brain development, from infancy through childhood and adolescence and into adulthood. It covers neurocognitive development and neurocognitive processing in both typical and atypical development, including social and affective aspects. Appropriate methodologies for the journal include, but are not limited to, functional neuroimaging (fMRI and MEG), electrophysiology (EEG and ERP), NIRS and transcranial magnetic stimulation, as well as other basic neuroscience approaches using cellular and animal models that directly address cognitive brain development, patient studies, case studies, post-mortem studies and pharmacological studies.