Selenium agronomic biofortification and genotypic variability in physiological responses of cowpea plants under field conditions

IF 2.4 4区 生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Elcio Ferreira Santos, Eduardo Comparsi Filho, Luiz Eduardo Morais Fernandes Fontes, Mateus Andrey Pires Silva, Gutierres Nelson Silva, Alexandre Alonso Oliveira, Maurisrael de Moura Rocha, Vinícius Martins Silva, André Rodrigues Reis
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Abstract

Despite its importance as a vital nutrient for animals and humans, selenium (Se) deficiency in plants and human diets is a significant concern due to its low soil concentrations. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), a resilient crop widely cultivated in developing nations, shows potential for agronomic biofortification with Se. However, its genotypic diversity and ability to improve essential element uptake are often overlooked in breeding programs. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Se biofortification in 20 cowpea genotypes, specifically examining the physiological responses related to photosynthetic pigments in leaves, nitrogen compounds, and sugar concentration in grains. Results revealed that Se application led to an increased cowpea yield. Additionally, all genotypes exhibited elevated sucrose and total sugar concentrations in grains, along with increased photosynthetic pigment levels in leaves upon Se supplementation. Notably, the application of Se resulted in increased allantoin, allantoic acid, and total ureide concentrations in all genotypes with highest yield, indicating enhanced nitrogen fixation in cowpea plants by Se in this genotype. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of Se biofortification to improve the nutritional quality of cowpea grains by increasing Se and sugar concentrations, ultimately enhancing crop yields through improved nitrogen metabolism. This information can guide future breeding programs aimed at enhancing cowpea grain quality and nutritional value through biofortification strategies.

大田条件下豇豆植物硒农艺生物强化及生理反应的基因型变异
尽管硒是动物和人类的重要营养物质,但由于土壤中硒的浓度低,植物和人类饮食中的硒缺乏是一个值得关注的问题。豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)是一种在发展中国家广泛种植的抗逆性作物,它显示出用硒进行农艺生物强化的潜力。然而,它的基因型多样性和提高必需元素吸收的能力在育种计划中经常被忽视。本研究旨在评估硒生物强化对20个豇豆基因型的影响,特别是研究与叶片光合色素、氮化合物和籽粒糖浓度相关的生理反应。结果表明,施用硒能提高豇豆产量。此外,所有基因型均表现出籽粒蔗糖和总糖浓度升高,以及叶片光合色素水平增加。值得注意的是,在产量最高的所有基因型中,硒的施用导致尿囊素、尿囊酸和总尿素浓度的增加,表明该基因型中硒增强了豇豆植株的固氮作用。这些发现为硒生物强化的潜力提供了有价值的见解,通过增加硒和糖浓度来改善豇豆籽粒的营养品质,最终通过改善氮代谢来提高作物产量。这些信息可以指导未来的育种计划,旨在通过生物强化策略提高豇豆籽粒质量和营养价值。
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来源期刊
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.80%
发文量
125
审稿时长
3.1 months
期刊介绍: Acta Physiologiae Plantarum is an international journal established in 1978 that publishes peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of plant physiology. The coverage ranges across this research field at various levels of biological organization, from relevant aspects in molecular and cell biology to biochemistry. The coverage is global in scope, offering articles of interest from experts around the world. The range of topics includes measuring effects of environmental pollution on crop species; analysis of genomic organization; effects of drought and climatic conditions on plants; studies of photosynthesis in ornamental plants, and more.
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