Assessment of the xenobiotic effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and bromoxynil + 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides in wheat
{"title":"Assessment of the xenobiotic effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and bromoxynil + 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides in wheat","authors":"Sommayeh Abbasyan, Seyedali Peyghambari, Mohhamad-Reza Bihamta, Reza Maali-Amiri, Hassan Alizade","doi":"10.1007/s11738-024-03755-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herbicides are xenobiotic compounds. To investigate the xenobiotic effects of foliar herbicide consumption and plant response over time, two commercial selective herbicides (bromoxynil + 2,4-D (H<sub>1</sub>), 2,4-D + 2-MCPA (H<sub>2</sub>), and the control (zero, H<sub>0</sub>)) were applied to seven Iranian wheat genotypes at 50% tillering. The biochemical traits were measured at six-time intervals (0–30th days after treatment). Morphological traits were measured on the 30th day after treatment. The results showed that the applied treatments significantly affected all the measured traits (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Therefore, these traits can be considered screening responses to xenobiotic stress caused by herbicides. For the first time, qualitative Bendict’s reagent quantification and estimation of the proximate content of sucrose as well as the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid reagent showed significant variation among genotypes. The change in the treated sample compared to H<sub>0</sub> showed that the effects of stress started at least 30 min after treatment. Consequently, the tolerant plants recovered on the 30th day after treatment. Clustering of the 20 measured traits showed that height, specific leaf weight, and chlorophyll <i>a</i> content could be selected as indicator traits for genotype screening. The genotypes were classified into three groups (sensitive, semi-sensitive, and tolerant) based on indicator traits. The maximum H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration (a biochemical indicator of the occurrence of stress) was 980.5 µg at 30 min after treatment with H<sub>2</sub> and 735.1 µg on 1th day after treatment with H<sub>1</sub>. Finally, the genotypes showed greater sensitivity to the combination herbicide from two biochemical groups of the same type (H<sub>2</sub>) than did those from different groups (H<sub>1</sub>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11738-024-03755-4","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Herbicides are xenobiotic compounds. To investigate the xenobiotic effects of foliar herbicide consumption and plant response over time, two commercial selective herbicides (bromoxynil + 2,4-D (H1), 2,4-D + 2-MCPA (H2), and the control (zero, H0)) were applied to seven Iranian wheat genotypes at 50% tillering. The biochemical traits were measured at six-time intervals (0–30th days after treatment). Morphological traits were measured on the 30th day after treatment. The results showed that the applied treatments significantly affected all the measured traits (P < 0.001). Therefore, these traits can be considered screening responses to xenobiotic stress caused by herbicides. For the first time, qualitative Bendict’s reagent quantification and estimation of the proximate content of sucrose as well as the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid reagent showed significant variation among genotypes. The change in the treated sample compared to H0 showed that the effects of stress started at least 30 min after treatment. Consequently, the tolerant plants recovered on the 30th day after treatment. Clustering of the 20 measured traits showed that height, specific leaf weight, and chlorophyll a content could be selected as indicator traits for genotype screening. The genotypes were classified into three groups (sensitive, semi-sensitive, and tolerant) based on indicator traits. The maximum H2O2 concentration (a biochemical indicator of the occurrence of stress) was 980.5 µg at 30 min after treatment with H2 and 735.1 µg on 1th day after treatment with H1. Finally, the genotypes showed greater sensitivity to the combination herbicide from two biochemical groups of the same type (H2) than did those from different groups (H1).
期刊介绍:
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum is an international journal established in 1978 that publishes peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of plant physiology. The coverage ranges across this research field at various levels of biological organization, from relevant aspects in molecular and cell biology to biochemistry.
The coverage is global in scope, offering articles of interest from experts around the world. The range of topics includes measuring effects of environmental pollution on crop species; analysis of genomic organization; effects of drought and climatic conditions on plants; studies of photosynthesis in ornamental plants, and more.