A 23–28-GHz Doherty Power Amplifier With a PVT Insensitive Power Detection for Adaptive Biasing

IF 2.2 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE

IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI:10.1109/LSSC.2025.3528055

Yahia Ibrahim;Ali Niknejad

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Abstract

This letter presents a compact Doherty power amplifier (PA) featuring a single transformer balun. A novel envelope power detector architecture is introduced for high-bandwidth (BW) adaptive biasing, that is, insensitive to process-voltage–temperature (PVT) variations. The measured PA attains a saturated power

$(\mathbf {P_{\mathrm { sat}}})$

exceeding 20.2 dBm and a power gain of 19.5 dB across the frequency range of 23–28 GHz. Moreover, it exhibits a peak power added efficiency (PAE) of 38% and a 6-dB power back-off (PBO) PAE of 27% at 25 GHz. The proposed adaptive biasing scheme enables a modulation BW of up to 800 MHz for a 64-QAM signal. Under this setting, the average output power

$(\mathbf {P_{avg}})$

is measured at 11.3 dBm with an RMS error vector magnitude (EVM) of −24.5 dB and an average PAE of 15.5%. The PA is fabricated in Global Foundries 45-nm-SOI technology with a compact area of 0.27 mm2. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first to demonstrate robust performance for Doherty PAs across PVT variations.

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基于PVT自适应偏置不敏感功率检测的23 - 28 ghz多尔蒂功率放大器

这封信介绍了一个紧凑的多尔蒂功率放大器（PA）具有一个单一的变压器平衡。针对高带宽（BW）自适应偏置，即对工艺电压-温度（PVT）变化不敏感，提出了一种新的包络功率检测器结构。在23 - 28ghz频率范围内，测得的放大器饱和功率$(\mathbf {P_{\ mathm {sat}})$超过20.2 dBm，功率增益为19.5 dB。此外，它在25 GHz时的峰值功率附加效率（PAE）为38%，6db功率回退（PBO） PAE为27%。提出的自适应偏置方案使64-QAM信号的调制BW高达800 MHz。在此设置下，平均输出功率$(\mathbf {P_{avg}})$为11.3 dBm，均方根误差矢量幅度（EVM）为- 24.5 dB，平均PAE为15.5%。PA采用Global Foundries 45nm - soi技术制造，面积紧凑，为0.27 mm2。据作者所知，这项工作首次证明了Doherty PAs在PVT变化中的稳健性能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters Engineering-Electrical and Electronic Engineering

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

3.70%

发文量