Cardiometabolic Impact of Encapsulated Cocoa Powder and Pure Cocoa Ingredients Supplementation: A Comparative Placebo-Controlled RCT in Adults

IF 4.5 2区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1002/mnfr.202400490

Janina Weigant, Anuschka Afchar, Meike Barzen, Lisa Dicks, Benno F. Zimmermann, Matthias Schmid, Leonie Weinhold, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner, Jörg Ellinger, Peter Stehle, Sabine Ellinger

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Abstract

Consuming cocoa rich in flavan-3-ols (particularly epicatechin [EC]) may reduce vascular stiffness and blood pressure (BP) and improve serum lipid profiles. Because interventional studies on pure EC exhibited inconclusive results, the role of other cocoa ingredients such as methylxanthines (MX) on vascular health was assumed. This study aimed to systematically compare the effects of flavanol-rich cocoa and its major components EC and MX on vascular function and serum lipid levels. In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), 75 healthy young adults ingested capsules containing either (i) flavanol-rich cocoa powder, (ii) EC, (iii) MX, (iv) EC + MX, or (v) placebo (n = 15 per group) daily for 4 weeks. Capsules provided equal amounts of EC and/or MX as the cocoa capsules. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), BP, endothelin-1, and lipids were investigated before and after intervention. No group-specific statistically significant differences in aortic PWV (p = 0.410) or any other parameters (p ≥ 0.05) were observed between before and after the intervention. Daily intake of neither flavanol-rich cocoa nor pure cocoa ingredients influenced vascular function and lipid profiles in healthy adults. Consequently, RCTs involving subjects with increased cardiometabolic risk may clarify the effects of EC and MX as cocoa components on cardiovascular health parameters.

Trial Registration: URL: https://drks.de/search/en/trial. Unique identifier: DRKS00022056

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胶囊可可粉和纯可可成分补充对心脏代谢的影响：一项成人安慰剂对照对照研究

食用富含黄烷-3-醇（特别是表儿茶素[EC]）的可可可以降低血管僵硬度和血压，改善血脂。由于对纯EC的介入研究结果不确定，因此可以假设其他可可成分如甲基黄嘌呤（MX）对血管健康的作用。本研究旨在系统比较富含黄烷醇的可可及其主要成分EC和MX对血管功能和血脂水平的影响。在一项随机对照试验（RCT）中，75名健康年轻人连续4周每天服用含有(i)富含黄烷醇的可可粉、（ii） EC、（iii） MX、（iv） EC + MX或(v)安慰剂的胶囊（每组n = 15）。胶囊提供等量的EC和/或MX作为可可胶囊。干预前后检测脉搏波速度（PWV）、血压、内皮素-1、血脂。干预前后主动脉PWV （p = 0.410）及其他参数（p≥0.05）组间差异无统计学意义。每天摄入富含黄烷醇的可可和纯可可成分都不会影响健康成年人的血管功能和脂质谱。因此，涉及心脏代谢风险增加的受试者的随机对照试验可以阐明EC和MX作为可可成分对心血管健康参数的影响。

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来源期刊

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

1.90%

发文量

250

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Nutrition & Food Research is a primary research journal devoted to health, safety and all aspects of molecular nutrition such as nutritional biochemistry, nutrigenomics and metabolomics aiming to link the information arising from related disciplines: Bioactivity: Nutritional and medical effects of food constituents including bioavailability and kinetics. Immunology: Understanding the interactions of food and the immune system. Microbiology: Food spoilage, food pathogens, chemical and physical approaches of fermented foods and novel microbial processes. Chemistry: Isolation and analysis of bioactive food ingredients while considering environmental aspects.