{"title":"Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the role of the flavonoid pathway in the resistance of Zanthoxylum bungeanum against leaf rust","authors":"Xia Yang, Yun Wang, Yan Sun, Jiali Guo, Zhaojun Geng, Bingyao Wei, Peiqin Li, Guanghui Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113990","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Leaf rust caused by <ce:italic>Coleosporium zanthoxyli</ce:italic> is a destructive disease that threatens <ce:italic>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</ce:italic> plantations. To address this, screening for resistant cultivars and exploring their resistance mechanisms are crucial for effective disease management. However, the mechanisms underlying <ce:italic>Z. bungeanum</ce:italic>'s resistance remain unclear. In this study, we conducted <ce:italic>in vivo</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>in vitro</ce:italic> experiments to screen for the resistant cultivar Qiujiao (QJ) and the susceptible cultivar Fengxian Dahongpao (FD). Subsequently, the resistance mechanisms of <ce:italic>Z. bungeanum</ce:italic> were analyzed by integrating transcriptome and metabolome, the result showed the flavonoid pathway served as the primary metabolic pathway for QJ to confer resistance against <ce:italic>C. zanthoxyli</ce:italic>. Upon infection with <ce:italic>C. zanthoxyli</ce:italic>, the key genes (<ce:italic>PAL, CHI</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>HCT</ce:italic>) and enzymes (PAL, C4H, and 4CL) involved in the flavonoid pathway were upregulated in QJ, and the total flavonoid content was increased in QJ. Additionally, eight flavonoids from this pathway demonstrated inhibitory effects on <ce:italic>C. zanthoxyli</ce:italic> spore germination, with naringenin and phloretin exhibiting the stronger activity. Collectively, the flavonoid pathway plays a dominant role in the resistance of <ce:italic>Z. bungeanum</ce:italic> leaves against <ce:italic>C. zanthoxyli</ce:italic>.","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Scientia Horticulturae","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2025.113990","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HORTICULTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Leaf rust caused by Coleosporium zanthoxyli is a destructive disease that threatens Zanthoxylum bungeanum plantations. To address this, screening for resistant cultivars and exploring their resistance mechanisms are crucial for effective disease management. However, the mechanisms underlying Z. bungeanum's resistance remain unclear. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to screen for the resistant cultivar Qiujiao (QJ) and the susceptible cultivar Fengxian Dahongpao (FD). Subsequently, the resistance mechanisms of Z. bungeanum were analyzed by integrating transcriptome and metabolome, the result showed the flavonoid pathway served as the primary metabolic pathway for QJ to confer resistance against C. zanthoxyli. Upon infection with C. zanthoxyli, the key genes (PAL, CHI, and HCT) and enzymes (PAL, C4H, and 4CL) involved in the flavonoid pathway were upregulated in QJ, and the total flavonoid content was increased in QJ. Additionally, eight flavonoids from this pathway demonstrated inhibitory effects on C. zanthoxyli spore germination, with naringenin and phloretin exhibiting the stronger activity. Collectively, the flavonoid pathway plays a dominant role in the resistance of Z. bungeanum leaves against C. zanthoxyli.
期刊介绍:
Scientia Horticulturae is an international journal publishing research related to horticultural crops. Articles in the journal deal with open or protected production of vegetables, fruits, edible fungi and ornamentals under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. Papers in related areas (biochemistry, micropropagation, soil science, plant breeding, plant physiology, phytopathology, etc.) are considered, if they contain information of direct significance to horticulture. Papers on the technical aspects of horticulture (engineering, crop processing, storage, transport etc.) are accepted for publication only if they relate directly to the living product. In the case of plantation crops, those yielding a product that may be used fresh (e.g. tropical vegetables, citrus, bananas, and other fruits) will be considered, while those papers describing the processing of the product (e.g. rubber, tobacco, and quinine) will not. The scope of the journal includes all horticultural crops but does not include speciality crops such as, medicinal crops or forestry crops, such as bamboo. Basic molecular studies without any direct application in horticulture will not be considered for this journal.