Association between early dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health at age 8: a confirmatory analysis of the European Childhood Obesity Project.

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI:10.1186/s12937-025-01080-1

Mariona Gispert-Llauradó, Joaquin Escribano, Natalia Ferré, Veit Grote, Berthold Koletzko, Gina Ambrosini, Elvira Verduci, Dariusz Gruszfeld, Annick Xhonneux, Veronica Luque

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background & aim: Metabolic and cardiovascular health outcomes are strongly influenced by diet. Dietary habits established in early childhood may persist into adulthood. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns at both 2 and 8 years of age, explaining the maximum variability of high- and low-quality fats, sugars, and fibre, and cardiometabolic markers at age 8 years.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the European Childhood Obesity Project, formerly a randomized clinical trial across five European countries performed in healthy term newborns. Children in the study were categorized at ages 2 and 8 years into two groups based on cluster analysis of dietary patterns (DP) derived from Reduction Rank Regression (RRR). A cross-sectional and prospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the associations between these DPs and cardiometabolic outcomes, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and biochemical markers. Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were also categorized as altered versus normal values. Asociations between dietary patterns and health outcomes were assessed using linear and logistic regression models, adjusting for covariates based on a step-wise approach.

Results: A total of 336 children were classified based on quality of nutrient intakes into either a "Poor-Quality dietary pattern" (PQ-DP) (48% and 66% of infants at 2 and 8 years, respectively) or the "Health-Conscious dietary pattern" (HC-DP) (52% and 34% of infants at 2 and 8 years, respectively). Following a PQ-DP at both ages 2 and 8 was associated with higher triglycerides (β = 0.061, p = 0.049), systolic and diastolic BP (β = 13.019, p < 0.001 & β = 7.612, p = 0.014, respectively) and altered levels of HOMA-IR (OR = 3.1, p = 0.037, 95% CI = 1.1-9.1) at 8 years, compared to children with an HC-DP at both ages, after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusion: Adherence to a dietary pattern with a poorer nutritional profile in early childhood and school age is associated with worse cardiometabolic risk markers at 8 years old.

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早期饮食模式与8岁时心脏代谢健康之间的关系：欧洲儿童肥胖项目的确证性分析

背景与目的：饮食对代谢和心血管健康的影响很大。儿童早期形成的饮食习惯可能会持续到成年。本研究旨在研究2岁和8岁时饮食模式之间的关系，解释8岁时高质量和低质量脂肪、糖、纤维和心脏代谢标志物的最大变异性。方法：这是对欧洲儿童肥胖项目的二次分析，该项目以前是在五个欧洲国家对健康足月新生儿进行的随机临床试验。根据减少秩回归（RRR）得出的饮食模式聚类分析（DP），研究中的儿童在2岁和8岁时被分为两组。进行了横断面和前瞻性分析，以评估这些DPs与心脏代谢结果之间的关系，包括体重指数（BMI）、血压（BP）和生化指标。甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）也被归类为与正常值相比发生了变化。使用线性和逻辑回归模型评估饮食模式与健康结果之间的关联，并根据逐步方法调整协变量。结果：共有336名儿童根据营养摄入的质量被分为“低质量饮食模式”（PQ-DP）（分别占2岁和8岁婴儿的48%和66%）或“注重健康的饮食模式”（HC-DP）（分别占2岁和8岁婴儿的52%和34%）。2岁和8岁时的PQ-DP与较高的甘油三酯（β = 0.061, p = 0.049）、收缩压和舒张压（β = 13.019, p）相关。结论：在幼儿和学龄时期坚持营养状况较差的饮食模式与8岁时较差的心脏代谢风险标志物相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.