A new mesophilic member of the Chloroflexota phylum 'Ca. Сhloroploca septentrionalis' from the meromictic lake Bol'shie Khruslomeny separated from the White Sea.

Abstract

A new filamentous phototrophic bacterium Khr17 was isolated as an enrichment culture from the brackish polar lake Bol'shie Khruslomeny. The organism was a halotolerant, strictly anaerobic phototroph possessing photosystem II. Sulfide was required for phototrophic growth. The cells of bacterium Khr17 formed nonmotile, wavy trichomes surrounded by a sheath. The cells contained chlorosomes, gas vesicles, and storage granules. The antenna pigments of bacterium Khr17 were bacteriochlorophyll c and β- and γ-carotenes. The genome of Khr17 bacterium carries all the genes responsible for CO2 fixation via the 3-hydroxypropionate pathway. The genes encoding the proteins of the nitrogenase complex were not found. The DNA G + C content was 59.9%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of isolate Khr17 exhibited 99.4% similarity to related species. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values for the isolate showed 91.9% and 46.9% similarity, respectively, to other 'Ca. Chloroploca' species. Based on its phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, classification of Khr17 as member of a new species, 'Ca. Chloroploca septentrionalis' sp. nov., was proposed. Members of the genus 'Ca. Chloroploca' have previously not been found in Arctic areas and in the plankton of meromictic lakes.