The combined effects of climate, soil, and rhizospheric microorganisms determine the quality and suitable production zones of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. in China
Zhenkai Li, Yang Yang, Lu Feng, Haishan Li, Zhiheng Dai, Tianle Cheng, Shuying Liu, Ling Ma, Xin Luo, Yukun Wang, Li Peng, Hong Wu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. (S. lanceolata) is a psammophytic plant endemic to the northwest region of China and has now developed into a cultivated economic crop. It is the original plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine as Yinchaihu. Recently, the lack of scientifically guided production zoning has exacerbated the arbitrary introduction and expansion of S. lanceolata cultivation, resulting in significant changes to its habitat and quality.
Methods
This study utilizes distribution data of wild S. lanceolata along with data from 33 environmental factors to analyze the primary habitat factors influencing the species' distribution using the Maxent model, simulating both current and future suitable production zones. Additionally, amplicon sequencing was employed to investigate changes in rhizospheric soil microorganisms across different cultivation sites and years. Furthermore, metabolomics, near-infrared spectroscopy, and the quantification of active ingredient content were used to assess the effects of various suitable zones on S. lanceolata.
Results
The migration trends of S. lanceolata toward the central and eastern regions of Inner Mongolia revealed that elev, bio_4, bio_13, bio_11, and S_clay are the primary ecological and soil factors influencing suitability zoning, contributing a cumulative rate of 80.5%. The rhizosphere microbial environment shifted significantly from high to medium suitability habitats. As cultivation duration increased, the diversity of fungi and bacteria and the functional genera within the rhizosphere exhibited significant changes. Notably, there were substantial alterations in metabolic processes and substance accumulation during the transition from high to medium and low suitability zones, resulting in the identification of 281 and 370 differential metabolites, respectively. Additionally, the near-infrared spectral characteristics and active ingredient content of S. lanceolata in high suitability zones displayed distinct specificity. In particular, the contents of total flavonoids (2.772 mg·g−1), dichotomines B (0.057 mg·g−1), and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (0.312 mg·g−1) were notably higher, with the overall quality score surpassing that of other suitable zones.
Conclusion
This study revealed the key climatic, soil, and rhizosphere microbial environmental factors influencing the quality formation of S. lanceolata and the selection of suitable production zones, offering guidance for sustainable development and production zone planning.
背景：stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge。杉木（S. lanceolata）是中国西北地区特有的一种沙生植物，现已发展成为可栽培的经济作物。它是中药中用作银柴胡的原始植物物种。近年来，由于缺乏科学指导的生产区划，加剧了杉木种植的任意引种和扩张，导致杉木的栖息地和质量发生了重大变化。方法利用野生杉木的分布资料和33个环境因子的数据，利用Maxent模型对杉木当前和未来适宜生产区进行模拟，分析影响杉木分布的主要生境因子。此外，利用扩增子测序研究了不同栽培地点和年份根际土壤微生物的变化。利用代谢组学、近红外光谱、有效成分含量定量等方法评价不同适宜区对杉木的影响。结果杉木向内蒙古中东部地区的迁移趋势表明，海拔、bio_4、bio_13、bio_11和S_clay是影响适宜性区划的主要生态和土壤因子，累积贡献率为80.5%。根际微生物环境由高适宜性生境向中等适宜性生境转变显著。随着栽培时间的延长，根际真菌和细菌的多样性及功能属发生了显著变化。值得注意的是，在从高适宜区向中适宜区和低适宜区过渡的过程中，代谢过程和物质积累发生了实质性变化，分别鉴定出281种和370种差异代谢物。高适宜区杉木近红外光谱特征和有效成分含量具有明显的特异性。其中，总黄酮（2.772 mg·g−1）、二氯胺B （0.057 mg·g−1）和槲皮素-3- o -β- d -葡萄糖苷（0.312 mg·g−1）含量显著高于其他适宜区。结论本研究揭示了影响杉木品质形成和适宜产区选择的关键气候、土壤和根际微生物环境因素，为杉木可持续发展和产区规划提供指导。图形抽象
期刊介绍：
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture.
This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population.
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.
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