{"title":"<i>Candida glabrata</i>: A Tale of Stealth and Endurance.","authors":"Fizza Askari, Rupinder Kaur","doi":"10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00477","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida</i> (<i>Nakaseomyces</i>) <i>glabrata</i>, an opportunistic human fungal pathogen, causes mucosal and deep-seated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Recently designated as a high-priority fungal pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), <i>C. glabrata</i> exhibits low inherent susceptibility to azole antifungals. In addition, about 10% clinical isolates of <i>C. glabrata</i> display co-resistance to both azole and echinocandin drugs. Molecular mechanisms of antifungal resistance and virulence in <i>C. glabrata</i> are currently being delineated in-depth. This Review provides an overview of the epidemiology, biology, drug resistance, tools and host model systems for <i>C. glabrata</i>. Additionally, we discuss the immune evasion strategies that aid <i>C. glabrata</i> in establishing infections in the host. Overall, this Review aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to raise awareness of human pathogenic fungi, the growing threat of antifungal drug resistance and the unmet need for novel antifungal therapies, with an ultimate goal of improving clinical outcomes of affected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17,"journal":{"name":"ACS Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"4-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00477","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/12/13 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Candida (Nakaseomyces) glabrata, an opportunistic human fungal pathogen, causes mucosal and deep-seated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Recently designated as a high-priority fungal pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), C. glabrata exhibits low inherent susceptibility to azole antifungals. In addition, about 10% clinical isolates of C. glabrata display co-resistance to both azole and echinocandin drugs. Molecular mechanisms of antifungal resistance and virulence in C. glabrata are currently being delineated in-depth. This Review provides an overview of the epidemiology, biology, drug resistance, tools and host model systems for C. glabrata. Additionally, we discuss the immune evasion strategies that aid C. glabrata in establishing infections in the host. Overall, this Review aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to raise awareness of human pathogenic fungi, the growing threat of antifungal drug resistance and the unmet need for novel antifungal therapies, with an ultimate goal of improving clinical outcomes of affected individuals.
期刊介绍：
ACS Infectious Diseases will be the first journal to highlight chemistry and its role in this multidisciplinary and collaborative research area. The journal will cover a diverse array of topics including, but not limited to:
* Discovery and development of new antimicrobial agents — identified through target- or phenotypic-based approaches as well as compounds that induce synergy with antimicrobials.
* Characterization and validation of drug target or pathways — use of single target and genome-wide knockdown and knockouts, biochemical studies, structural biology, new technologies to facilitate characterization and prioritization of potential drug targets.
* Mechanism of drug resistance — fundamental research that advances our understanding of resistance; strategies to prevent resistance.
* Mechanisms of action — use of genetic, metabolomic, and activity- and affinity-based protein profiling to elucidate the mechanism of action of clinical and experimental antimicrobial agents.
* Host-pathogen interactions — tools for studying host-pathogen interactions, cellular biochemistry of hosts and pathogens, and molecular interactions of pathogens with host microbiota.
* Small molecule vaccine adjuvants for infectious disease.
* Viral and bacterial biochemistry and molecular biology.
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