{"title":"Characterizing iconic gesture during narratives in chronic traumatic brain injury recovery.","authors":"Katelyn Urena, Brielle C Stark","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1393284","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is known that co-speech hand gestures increase and supplement speech in individuals with language impairment after brain injury, e.g., post-stroke aphasia. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) provides a unique avenue to evaluate gestures as TBI often presents with both anomia (word-finding impairments) and cognitive impairments, resulting in a cognitive-communicative disorder. However, there is a great need for evaluation of gestures in TBI during typical spontaneous speech and across the recovery trajectory (from sub-acute to chronic stages). In a large population (<i>N</i> = 54) of persons with moderate-severe TBI, who were examined at 3 months post-TBI whilst telling a procedural narrative (\"how to make a sandwich\"), we examined three aims: (1) characterize the extent to which adults with moderate-severe TBI produce iconic gestures; (2) identify the extent to which language impairment relates to iconic gesturing in TBI; and (3) characterize the extent to which iconic gesturing changes across TBI recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a subpopulation (Group 1, <i>N</i> = 14) who were examined at three- and 24-months (sub-acute and substantially chronic), and in a smaller subpopulation (Group 2, <i>N</i> = 6) who had data for five timepoints (three-, six-, nine-, 12-, and 24-months), we used paired tests to examine and characterize longitudinal changes in iconic gesturing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The large group analysis suggested that individuals with TBI use iconic gesture during narrative, which take several different iconic forms (e.g., enacting use of an object), and that a minority employed gestures that supplemented (added to, disambiguated, or replaced) speech. The subpopulation analyses suggested that participants did not produce iconic gestures significantly differently across the 2-year recovery timeframe. Case examination of a participant with moderate-severe aphasia suggested a relationship between language impairment and gesture, with this individual producing the highest proportion of supplemental gesturing of the entire group. This finding aligns with research from the post-stroke aphasia field.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Broadly, this study significantly extends prior research on the relationship between gesturing, language, and brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1393284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626473/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1393284","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: It is known that co-speech hand gestures increase and supplement speech in individuals with language impairment after brain injury, e.g., post-stroke aphasia. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) provides a unique avenue to evaluate gestures as TBI often presents with both anomia (word-finding impairments) and cognitive impairments, resulting in a cognitive-communicative disorder. However, there is a great need for evaluation of gestures in TBI during typical spontaneous speech and across the recovery trajectory (from sub-acute to chronic stages). In a large population (N = 54) of persons with moderate-severe TBI, who were examined at 3 months post-TBI whilst telling a procedural narrative ("how to make a sandwich"), we examined three aims: (1) characterize the extent to which adults with moderate-severe TBI produce iconic gestures; (2) identify the extent to which language impairment relates to iconic gesturing in TBI; and (3) characterize the extent to which iconic gesturing changes across TBI recovery.
Methods: In a subpopulation (Group 1, N = 14) who were examined at three- and 24-months (sub-acute and substantially chronic), and in a smaller subpopulation (Group 2, N = 6) who had data for five timepoints (three-, six-, nine-, 12-, and 24-months), we used paired tests to examine and characterize longitudinal changes in iconic gesturing.
Results: The large group analysis suggested that individuals with TBI use iconic gesture during narrative, which take several different iconic forms (e.g., enacting use of an object), and that a minority employed gestures that supplemented (added to, disambiguated, or replaced) speech. The subpopulation analyses suggested that participants did not produce iconic gestures significantly differently across the 2-year recovery timeframe. Case examination of a participant with moderate-severe aphasia suggested a relationship between language impairment and gesture, with this individual producing the highest proportion of supplemental gesturing of the entire group. This finding aligns with research from the post-stroke aphasia field.
Discussion: Broadly, this study significantly extends prior research on the relationship between gesturing, language, and brain injury.
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience is a first-tier electronic journal devoted to understanding the brain mechanisms supporting cognitive and social behavior in humans, and how these mechanisms might be altered in disease states. The last 25 years have seen an explosive growth in both the methods and the theoretical constructs available to study the human brain. Advances in electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropsychological, psychophysical, neuropharmacological and computational approaches have provided key insights into the mechanisms of a broad range of human behaviors in both health and disease. Work in human neuroscience ranges from the cognitive domain, including areas such as memory, attention, language and perception to the social domain, with this last subject addressing topics, such as interpersonal interactions, social discourse and emotional regulation. How these processes unfold during development, mature in adulthood and often decline in aging, and how they are altered in a host of developmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders, has become increasingly amenable to human neuroscience research approaches. Work in human neuroscience has influenced many areas of inquiry ranging from social and cognitive psychology to economics, law and public policy. Accordingly, our journal will provide a forum for human research spanning all areas of human cognitive, social, developmental and translational neuroscience using any research approach.
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