Rising Female‐Headed Households: Shifts in Living Arrangements or Heightened Gender Symmetry?

IF 4.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY
Rita Trias‐Prats, Albert Esteve
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Censuses and surveys predominantly report men as heads of households or reference persons despite women carrying out most domestic and care work. Recent evidence, however, suggests that an increasing number of households are headed by women. Using data from the newly released CORESIDENCE database, which includes over 770 data points from 156 countries worldwide spanning from 1960 to 2021, this study presents the first global map of female headship, traces its recent evolution, and compares female‐headed households with male‐headed ones based on selected household characteristics. The results confirm the widespread increase in female headship in virtually all world regions. Nevertheless, significant cross‐national differences persist, and changes are not uniform across all regions. Spatial and temporal variations in female headship can be attributed, in part, to structural shifts in living arrangements, specifically the decreased presence of adult men in households. Female headship, however, is rising beyond the structural transformation of households. Women are increasingly likely to head households even in the presence of adult men, particularly their male partners. This might be indicative of normative changes towards gender symmetry. We discuss the potential factors behind these transformations and consider their implications for further research and gender equality.
越来越多的女性户主家庭:生活安排的转变还是性别对称的提高?
人口普查和调查主要报告男子为户主或参考人,尽管妇女从事大多数家务和护理工作。然而,最近的证据表明,越来越多的家庭由妇女担任户主。本研究利用新发布的CORESIDENCE数据库的数据,其中包括1960年至2021年期间来自全球156个国家的770多个数据点,绘制了首张全球女性户主地图,追溯了其近期演变,并根据选定的家庭特征对女性户主家庭与男性户主家庭进行了比较。调查结果证实,几乎在世界所有地区,女性担任领导职务的人数都在普遍增加。然而,显著的跨国差异仍然存在,而且在所有地区的变化并不一致。女性户主在空间和时间上的变化可部分归因于生活安排的结构性变化,特别是家庭中成年男子的减少。然而,女性领导地位的上升超出了家庭结构转型的范畴。即使有成年男子,特别是其男性伴侣在场,妇女也越来越有可能成为户主。这可能预示着性别对称的规范性变化。我们讨论了这些转变背后的潜在因素,并考虑了它们对进一步研究和性别平等的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
4.00%
发文量
60
期刊介绍: Population and Development Review is essential reading to keep abreast of population studies, research on the interrelationships between population and socioeconomic change, and related thinking on public policy. Its interests span both developed and developing countries, theoretical advances as well as empirical analyses and case studies, a broad range of disciplinary approaches, and concern with historical as well as present-day problems.
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