Amino acid metabolic shifts in rice: responses to elevated CO2, cyanide, and nitrogen sources

IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Cheng-Zhi Li, Abid Ullah, Yi Kang, Xiao-Zhang Yu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Amino acids (AAs) play multiple roles in plant development, and their reorientation is crucial strategy for plants in metabolic adaptation to various abiotic stresses. The incorporation of exogenous CN into the N fertilization in plants is evident, wherein elevated CO2 increases utilization and assimilation of biodegradable N-containing pollutants, consequently reduce phytotoxicity. In this study, a hydroponic system was employed to investigate the effects of different nitrogen (N) forms (nitrate: NO3 and ammonium: NH4+), CO2 concentrations (ambient at 350 ppm and elevated at 700 ppm), and exogenous cyanide (KCN at 3.0 mg CN/L) on rice plants using metabonomics analysis.

Results

Elevated [CO2] (700 ppm) significantly enhanced the growth rate of rice seedlings, particularly under NH4+ nutrition combined with CN treatment, compared to ambient [CO2] (350 ppm). Under elevated [CO2] both NO3 and NH4+-fed plants exhibited significantly higher CN uptake and assimilation rates, with NH4+-fed plants showing a greater response. Metabolomic analysis revealed distinct alteration in AA profiles, where elevated [CO2] and exogenous CN significantly influenced the proportions of the glutamate (Glu) pathway and aspartate (Asp) pathway under both N treatments. Notably, NH4+-fed plants under CN stress demonstrated a 5.75-fold increase in total AA content in shoots under elevated [CO2], while NO3-fed plants CN stress showed a smaller increase of 1.81-fold. These results suggest that elevated [CO2] coupled with NH4+ nutrition optimizes rice metabolic adaptation to CN stress.

Conclusions

This study highlights the strategic alteration of AA profiles as a key adaptive mechanism in rice plants facing elevated [CO2] and exogenous CN stress. These shifts in AA pathways facilitate enhanced nutrient assimilation and stress resilience, offering insights into plant metabolic adaptation under changing environmental conditions.

Graphical abstract

水稻的氨基酸代谢转变:对高浓度二氧化碳、氰化物和氮源的响应
背景氨基酸(AAs)在植物生长发育过程中发挥着多重作用,调整氨基酸的方向是植物在代谢过程中适应各种非生物胁迫的关键策略。外源 CN- 在植物氮肥中的作用是显而易见的,其中升高的 CO2 可增加对可生物降解的含氮化合物的利用和同化,从而降低植物毒性。本研究采用水培系统研究了不同氮(N)形式(硝酸盐:NO3- 和铵:NH4+)、CO2 浓度(环境浓度 350 ppm 和高浓度 700 ppm)和外源氰化物(KCN:3.结果与环境[CO2](350 ppm)相比,高浓度[CO2](700 ppm)显著提高了水稻幼苗的生长速度,尤其是在 NH4+营养和 CN- 处理的情况下。)在升高的[CO2]条件下,NO3-和 NH4+喂养的植株对 CN-的吸收和同化率都明显提高,其中 NH4+喂养的植株反应更大。代谢组分析表明,在两种氮处理下,[CO2]升高和外源 CN- 都会显著影响谷氨酸(Glu)途径和天冬氨酸(Asp)途径的比例,从而使 AA 图谱发生明显变化。值得注意的是,在高浓度[CO2]胁迫下,NH4+喂养的植物在CN-胁迫下嫩枝中的总AA含量增加了5.75倍,而NO3-喂养的植物在CN-胁迫下的总AA含量增加较少,仅增加了1.81倍。这些结果表明,[CO2]升高加上 NH4+ 营养可优化水稻代谢对 CN- 胁迫的适应。AA途径的这些转变促进了养分同化和胁迫恢复能力的提高,为植物在不断变化的环境条件下的代谢适应提供了启示。
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来源期刊
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
3.00%
发文量
83
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture. This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.
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