{"title":"Gaussian mixture model based invalid point removal for fringe projection profilometry","authors":"Huixin Song, Lingbao Kong, Qiyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.112077","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In fringe projection profilometry, there inevitably exist many invalid points in the background and the occluded region that are not covered by the fringe pattern. The reconstruction result of invalid points is wrong, which seriously degrades the quality of the reconstructed point cloud and thus affects the measurement accuracy. Therefore, recognizing and removing invalid points is necessary. In this paper, an adaptive invalid point removal method based on Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is innovatively proposed for fringe projection profilometry (FPP). The proposed approach firstly calculates the modulation level using multistep phase-shifting method. Secondly, GMM is applied to model the density distribution of the modulation information and thus classify the pixels based on the modulation information. Thirdly, the classification results are further optimized using absolute phase gradient information and neighborhood information. Then the final classification results of the modulation intensity and the corresponding invalid point identification results can be obtained. A series of experimental results demonstrated that the method can accurately identify invalid points and improve the quality of point cloud reconstruction under different measurement scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 112077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics and Laser Technology","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030399224015354","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In fringe projection profilometry, there inevitably exist many invalid points in the background and the occluded region that are not covered by the fringe pattern. The reconstruction result of invalid points is wrong, which seriously degrades the quality of the reconstructed point cloud and thus affects the measurement accuracy. Therefore, recognizing and removing invalid points is necessary. In this paper, an adaptive invalid point removal method based on Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is innovatively proposed for fringe projection profilometry (FPP). The proposed approach firstly calculates the modulation level using multistep phase-shifting method. Secondly, GMM is applied to model the density distribution of the modulation information and thus classify the pixels based on the modulation information. Thirdly, the classification results are further optimized using absolute phase gradient information and neighborhood information. Then the final classification results of the modulation intensity and the corresponding invalid point identification results can be obtained. A series of experimental results demonstrated that the method can accurately identify invalid points and improve the quality of point cloud reconstruction under different measurement scenarios.
期刊介绍:
Optics & Laser Technology aims to provide a vehicle for the publication of a broad range of high quality research and review papers in those fields of scientific and engineering research appertaining to the development and application of the technology of optics and lasers. Papers describing original work in these areas are submitted to rigorous refereeing prior to acceptance for publication.
The scope of Optics & Laser Technology encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas:
•development in all types of lasers
•developments in optoelectronic devices and photonics
•developments in new photonics and optical concepts
•developments in conventional optics, optical instruments and components
•techniques of optical metrology, including interferometry and optical fibre sensors
•LIDAR and other non-contact optical measurement techniques, including optical methods in heat and fluid flow
•applications of lasers to materials processing, optical NDT display (including holography) and optical communication
•research and development in the field of laser safety including studies of hazards resulting from the applications of lasers (laser safety, hazards of laser fume)
•developments in optical computing and optical information processing
•developments in new optical materials
•developments in new optical characterization methods and techniques
•developments in quantum optics
•developments in light assisted micro and nanofabrication methods and techniques
•developments in nanophotonics and biophotonics
•developments in imaging processing and systems