Liquid-liquid phase separation in aging: Novel insights in the pathogenesis and therapeutics

IF 12.5 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2024.102583

Hua Wang , Jinxin Tang , Shuxiang Yan , Chenbei Li , Zhaoqi Li , Zijian Xiong , Zhihong Li , Chao Tu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The intricate organization of distinct cellular compartments is paramount for the maintenance of normal biological functions and the orchestration of complex biochemical reactions. These compartments, whether membrane-bound organelles or membraneless structures like Cajal bodies and RNA transport granules, play crucial roles in cellular function. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) serves as a reversible process that elucidates the genesis of membranelles structures through the self-assembly of biomolecules. LLPS has been implicated in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes, encompassing immune response and tumor genesis. But the association between LLPS and aging has not been clearly clarified. A recent advancement in the realm of aging research involves the introduction of a new edition outlining the twelve hallmarks of aging, categorized into three distinct groups. By delving into the role and mechanism of LLPS in the formation of membraneless structures at a molecular level, this review encapsulates an exploration of the interaction between LLPS and these aging hallmarks, aiming to offer novel perspectives of the intricate mechanisms underlying the aging process and deeper insights into aging therapeutics.

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衰老中的液-液相分离：老化过程中的液-液相分离：发病机制和治疗的新视角

不同细胞区室的复杂组织对于维持正常的生物功能和协调复杂的生化反应至关重要。这些区室，无论是有膜细胞器还是无膜结构（如卡贾尔体和 RNA 转运颗粒），都在细胞功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。液-液相分离（LLPS）是一个可逆的过程，它通过生物大分子的自组装阐明了细胞膜结构的形成。LLPS 与无数生理和病理过程有关，包括免疫反应和肿瘤发生。但是，LLPS 与衰老之间的关系尚未明确。最近，衰老研究领域取得了一项新进展，即推出了一个新版本，概述了衰老的十二个标志，并将其分为三个不同的组别。本综述从分子层面深入探讨了 LLPS 在无膜结构形成过程中的作用和机制，囊括了 LLPS 与这些衰老标志之间相互作用的探索，旨在为衰老过程的复杂机制提供新的视角，并为衰老疗法提供更深入的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

216

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.