Defining the Essential Leadership Skills for Surgical Residents Leading Inpatient Teams: A Modified Delphi Study

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES

Journal of Surgical Education Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI:10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.103341

Michael A. Kochis MD, EdM , Rebecca B. Tang MD , Emil R. Petrusa PhD , James W. Fleshman MD , Amalia L. Cochran MD , Roy Phitayakorn MD, MHPE

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Leadership is an important competency for surgical trainees but traditionally overlooked in residency programs. Existing leadership curricula are limited by a lack of standardized objectives and validated assessment tools. This project seeks to define the most essential leadership skills for surgical residents leading inpatient teams and to develop an instrument that can be used as a workplace-based assessment.

DESIGN

We surveyed the literature to compile a preliminary list of relevant leadership skills. We then recruited national experts in surgical resident leadership to participate in 2 rounds of a modified Delphi process. In the first round, panelists voted to keep, modify, or remove the preliminary items, or to add additional ones. Insufficient agreement to keep a skill necessitated revision. In the second round, panelists rated their agreement with revised items’ inclusion, with consensus indicated by content validity index >0.75. Leadership behaviors were mapped onto a quality rating scale.

SETTING

REDCap online forms.

PARTICIPANTS

Sixteen experts including senior surgeons, surgical educators/social psychologists, and advanced practice providers participated in both rounds of the Delphi process.

RESULTS

The preliminary list included 26 behaviors grouped into 9 domains. After the first round of the Delphi process, 18 items were modified, 3 were removed, 3 were added, and 2 domains were merged. After the second round, all 27 revised behaviors in 8 domains achieved consensus. We incorporated them into the Inpatient Leadership Assessment Device (I-LEAD).

CONCLUSIONS

We used a consensus of national experts to define essential leadership skills for surgical residents and created a workplace-based assessment tool. I-LEAD provides a shared mental model for residents and team members, and clear objectives for educators seeking to develop leadership curricula. These efforts align with current trends toward competency-based education and can underpin the establishment of formal leadership training programs for surgical residents on a wider scale.

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定义外科住院医师领导住院团队的基本领导技能：改良德尔菲研究。

目的：领导力是外科学员的一项重要能力，但历来在住院医师培训项目中被忽视。现有的领导力课程因缺乏标准化目标和有效的评估工具而受到限制。本项目旨在确定外科住院医师领导住院团队最基本的领导技能，并开发一种可用于工作场所评估的工具：设计：我们对文献进行了调查，整理出一份相关领导技能的初步清单。然后，我们招募了国内外科住院医师领导力方面的专家参与两轮改良德尔菲流程。在第一轮中，专家小组成员投票决定保留、修改或删除初步项目，或增加其他项目。如果就保留某项技能达成的一致意见不足，则有必要进行修改。在第二轮投票中，小组成员对是否同意纳入修订后的项目进行评分，内容效度指数大于 0.75 即为达成共识。领导行为被映射到质量评分表上：REDCap 在线表格：16位专家，包括资深外科医生、外科教育家/社会心理学家和高级医疗服务提供者参加了两轮德尔菲过程：初步清单包括分为 9 个领域的 26 种行为。第一轮德尔菲过程结束后，修改了 18 个项目，删除了 3 个项目，增加了 3 个项目，合并了 2 个领域。第二轮修改后，8 个领域中的 27 项修订行为均已达成共识。我们将这些行为纳入了住院患者领导力评估工具（I-LEAD）：我们利用国内专家的共识来定义外科住院医师的基本领导技能，并创建了一个基于工作场所的评估工具。I-LEAD 为住院医师和团队成员提供了一个共同的心理模型，并为寻求开发领导力课程的教育者提供了明确的目标。这些努力与当前以能力为基础的教育趋势相吻合，可为在更大范围内为外科住院医师建立正式的领导力培训计划奠定基础。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Surgical Education EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES-SURGERY

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

261

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Surgical Education (JSE) is dedicated to advancing the field of surgical education through original research. The journal publishes research articles in all surgical disciplines on topics relative to the education of surgical students, residents, and fellows, as well as practicing surgeons. Our readers look to JSE for timely, innovative research findings from the international surgical education community. As the official journal of the Association of Program Directors in Surgery (APDS), JSE publishes the proceedings of the annual APDS meeting held during Surgery Education Week.