Considering heterogeneity within negative emotionality can inform the distinction between diathesis-stress and differential susceptibility: Children's early anger and fear as moderators of effects of parental socialization on antisocial conduct.

IF 3.1 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Juyoung Kim, Grazyna Kochanska
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The importance of interactions between child temperament and parenting has been accepted ever since Thomas and Chess (1977) proposed their "goodness-of-fit" construct, but over the last three decades, pertinent research has grown exponentially. Researchers examining child characteristics that can moderate the effects of socialization have tested increasingly complex, nuanced, and sophisticated models, largely inspired by the highly influential frameworks of child plasticity or differential susceptibility (Belsky & Pluess, 2009). Yet, multiple questions remain unsettled. We addressed four such questions as applied to predicting children's observed disregard for rules at age 4.5 in a study of 200 community families from the US Midwest. (a) We examined children's observed negative emotionality at 16 months, most commonly seen as a plasticity "trait," but separating anger and fear proneness, which may differently moderate effects of socialization. (b) We examined two separate aspects of observed parental socialization at age 3, mutually responsive orientation and power assertion. (c) We distinguished analytically diathesis-stress from differential susceptibility. (d) We examined all effects in mother- and father-child relationships. We supported both diathesis-stress and differential susceptibility, depending on the facet of negative emotionality, the aspect of socialization considered, and parental gender, highlighting the nuanced nature of the processes involved.

考虑到负面情绪的异质性,可以为区分症状-压力和不同易感性提供信息:儿童早期的愤怒和恐惧可调节父母社会化对反社会行为的影响。
自托马斯和切斯(Thomas and Chess,1977 年)提出 "适合度"(goodness-of-fit)概念以来,儿童气质与父母教养方式之间相互作用的重要性就已为人们所接受,但在过去的三十年里,相关的研究呈指数级增长。研究人员对能够缓和社会化影响的儿童特征进行了研究,并测试了越来越复杂、细致和精密的模型,这些模型主要受到极具影响力的儿童可塑性或差异易感性框架的启发(Belsky & Pluess, 2009)。然而,仍有多个问题悬而未决。我们在对美国中西部 200 个社区家庭的研究中,探讨了预测儿童在 4.5 岁时无视规则的四个问题。(a) 我们研究了儿童在 16 个月大时观察到的消极情绪,这通常被视为一种可塑性 "特质",但我们将愤怒和恐惧倾向分开,这可能会在不同程度上缓和社会化的影响。(b) 我们研究了 3 岁时观察到的父母社会化的两个不同方面,即相互回应取向和权力主张。(c) 我们从分析角度区分了综合压力和不同的易感性。(d) 我们研究了母子关系和父子关系的所有影响。根据负面情绪的不同方面、所考虑的社会化方面以及父母的性别,我们支持双重压力和不同的易感性,这凸显了相关过程的细微差别。
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来源期刊
Development and Psychopathology
Development and Psychopathology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
9.10%
发文量
319
期刊介绍: This multidisciplinary journal is devoted to the publication of original, empirical, theoretical and review papers which address the interrelationship of normal and pathological development in adults and children. It is intended to serve and integrate the field of developmental psychopathology which strives to understand patterns of adaptation and maladaptation throughout the lifespan. This journal is of interest to psychologists, psychiatrists, social scientists, neuroscientists, paediatricians, and researchers.
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