Synthesis of β-cyclodextrin magnetic-graphene-oxide pyrenyl (β-mGOP) gels for high-throughput enrichment and detection of various trace mycotoxins in food using UHPLC-cIMS

Abstract

In this research, β-cyclodextrin magnetic-graphene-oxide pyrenyl gel composite (β-mGOP) was employed to remove trace mycotoxins from food products. The β-mGOP gels exhibited a three-dimensional macroporous structure that facilitated the rapid diffusion of target molecules into the nanoporous structure of the covalent organic frameworks embedded within the gel. The adsorption process of mycotoxins onto the β-mGOP gels conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich adsorption model. These findings demonstrated exceptional rapid adsorption kinetics without pore collapse, making the material suitable as fillers for solid-phase extraction adsorbents. Additionally, a novel screening technique utilizing β-mGOP gels in conjunction with cyclic ion mobility mass spectrometry was developed to illustrate the efficacy of β-mGOP gels in capturing various trace substances in food and enhancing detection resolution. The versatile, uncomplicated, and scalable characteristics of β-mGOP gels indicate their promising potential for future applications in high-throughput analysis of trace contaminants in food.