Effects of biochar, N-enriched biochar and urea on tomato seed germination, vegetative growth, and fruit traits.

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.14019

Fernando Fornes, Raúl Castejón-Del Pino, María L Cayuela, María Sánchez-García, Antonio Lidón, Rosa M Belda, Miguel A Sánchez-Monedero

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Agronomic uses of biochar have been intensely explored in the last 15 years. Recently, a new generation of biochar-based fertilizers has been developed. Raw biochar (BCH), nitrogen-enriched biochar (N + BCH) or urea were added to a coir fiber-based substrate for tomato cultivation, to assess seed germination, growth and fruiting of two cultivars (Cuarenteno and Moneymaker).

Results: BCH stimulated seed germination and early radicle growth, possibly because of the presence of karrikins detected in both BCH and N-BCH (0.039 and 0.044 mg kg^-1, respectively). However, BCH reduced growth in adult plants in both cultivars, probably because of ammonium retention, causing low-N-stress-related symptoms such as accumulation of flavonoids in the leaf. Urea was toxic for seed germination because of the fast release of ammonium, but caused a positive effect on adult plant growth and yield, increasing chlorophyll in both cultivars, quantum yield and ascorbic acid in cv. Cuarenteno, and decreasing flavonoids and peroxide in leaves of both cultivars. Unlike urea, N + BCH showed a positive impact on plant growth and yield, but without releasing high amounts of ammonium or negatively affecting seed germination. Nitrogen-rich amendments reduced phosphorus and increased iron leaf content in both cultivars.

Conclusion: BCH can be effectively used as a growth medium constituent in nurseries for seedling production, whereas N + BCH offers a promising alternative to urea or other nitrogen mineral fertilizers for crop cultivation. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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生物炭、富含氮的生物炭和尿素对番茄种子萌发、植株生长和果实性状的影响。

背景：在过去的 15 年里，人们一直在积极探索生物炭在农艺学上的用途。最近，开发出了新一代生物炭基肥。将未加工的生物炭（BCH）、富含氮的生物炭（N + BCH）或尿素添加到以椰壳纤维为基质的番茄栽培基质中，以评估两个栽培品种（Cuarenteno 和 Moneymaker）的种子萌发、生长和结果情况：BCH 可刺激种子萌发和早期胚根生长，这可能是因为在 BCH 和 N-BCH 中都检测到了卡里金（分别为 0.039 和 0.044 毫克/千克）。然而，BCH 会降低这两种栽培品种成年植株的生长速度，可能是因为铵的滞留作用，从而导致与低氮胁迫有关的症状，如叶片中黄酮类化合物的积累。由于铵的快速释放，尿素对种子萌发有毒性，但对成株的生长和产量有积极影响。Cuarenteno 的叶片中黄酮类化合物和过氧化物含量降低。与尿素不同，氮+ BCH 对植物生长和产量有积极影响，但不会释放大量铵或对种子发芽产生负面影响。富氮添加剂降低了两个品种的磷含量，增加了铁的叶片含量：BCH 可有效用作苗圃育苗的生长介质成分，而氮+ BCH 则为作物栽培提供了一种替代尿素或其他氮矿物肥料的可行方法。© 2024 作者。John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业学会出版的《食品与农业科学杂志》。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture publishes peer-reviewed original research, reviews, mini-reviews, perspectives and spotlights in these areas, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies at the agriculture/ food interface. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. SCI (Society of Chemical Industry) is a unique international forum where science meets business on independent, impartial ground. Anyone can join and current Members include consumers, business people, environmentalists, industrialists, farmers, and researchers. The Society offers a chance to share information between sectors as diverse as food and agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, materials, chemicals, environmental science and safety. As well as organising educational events, SCI awards a number of prestigious honours and scholarships each year, publishes peer-reviewed journals, and provides Members with news from their sectors in the respected magazine, Chemistry & Industry . Originally established in London in 1881 and in New York in 1894, SCI is a registered charity with Members in over 70 countries.