Associations of sugary beverage intake with type 2 diabetes and the role of physical activity: a prospective cohort study.

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI:10.1186/s12937-024-01006-3

Yihong Ding, Hui Chen, Jie Shen, Liyan Huang, Yaying Cao, Yan Zheng, Geng Zong, Changzheng Yuan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Higher consumption of sugary beverages (SB) has been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but whether these associations are modified by physical activity remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations of SB intake, including sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), artificially sweetened beverages (ASB), and natural juices (NJ) with the risk of incident T2D, and the potential role of physical activity.

Methods: We included 153,862 diabetes-free participants in the UK Biobank who completed both the International Physical Activity Questionnaire at recruitment (2006-2010) and at least one 24-h dietary recall questionnaire in 2009-2012. We assessed the associations of each SB with the risk of incident T2D using Cox proportional hazard models, and explored the interactions between each SB and physical activity.

Results: During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 6631 participants developed incident T2D. Participants consuming more SSB and ASB (comparing > 2 to 0 unit/d) had a higher hazard of T2D (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.31 for SSB; 1.54, 1.37-1.74 for ASB), while medium intake of NJ showed an inverse association (HR_{> 0-1 vs. 0 unit/d}: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.92; HR_{> 1-2 vs. 0 unit/d}: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.97) with incident T2D. No significant interactions between physical activity and SSB/ASB were found (P-interaction=0.204 for SSB, 0.926 for ASB), but the protective association of medium NJ intake with T2D was stronger among participants with higher level of physical activity (P-interaction = 0.043).

Conclusions: Higher intake of SSB and ASB was related to higher risks of T2D. Medium NJ intake was associated with a lower risk of T2D, particularly among individuals with higher physical activity level. These findings emphasized the importance of healthy beverage intake and adequate physical activity in diabetes prevention.

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含糖饮料摄入量与 2 型糖尿病的关系以及体育锻炼的作用：一项前瞻性队列研究。

背景：较高的含糖饮料（SB）摄入量与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）有关，但这些关联是否会因体育锻炼而改变仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨含糖饮料（包括含糖饮料（SSB）、人工增甜饮料（ASB）和天然果汁（NJ））摄入量与T2D发病风险的关系，以及体育锻炼的潜在作用：我们纳入了英国生物库中 153862 名无糖尿病的参与者，他们在招募时（2006-2010 年）完成了国际体育活动问卷调查，并在 2009-2012 年期间完成了至少一次 24 小时饮食回忆问卷调查。我们使用 Cox 比例危险模型评估了每种 SB 与 T2D 发病风险的相关性，并探讨了每种 SB 与体育锻炼之间的相互作用：结果：在中位 11.8 年的随访期间，有 6631 人罹患了 T2D。摄入更多 SSB 和 ASB 的参与者（将 > 2 单位/天与 0 单位/天进行比较）罹患 T2D 的风险更高（风险比 [HR]：1.17，95% 置信区间）：1.17，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.17，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.05-1.31；1.54，1.37-1.74），而 NJ 的中等摄入量与此呈反向关系（HR>0-1 vs. 0 单位/天，0.87，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.37-1.74）：0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.92; HR> 1-2 vs. 0 unit/d：0.88，95% CI：0.81-0.97）。运动量与 SSB/ASB 之间没有发现明显的交互作用（P-交互作用=0.204（SSB），0.926（ASB）），但中等 NJ 摄入量与 T2D 的保护性关联在运动量较高的参与者中更强（P-交互作用=0.043）：结论：固态饮料和非固态饮料摄入量越高，罹患终末期糖尿病的风险越高。中等NJ摄入量与较低的T2D风险有关，尤其是在体力活动水平较高的人群中。这些发现强调了健康饮料摄入量和充足的体育锻炼对预防糖尿病的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.