Perturbing reach elicits anticipatory responses in transport and grasp.

IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnhum.2024.1423821
Anna Akbaş, Mariusz P Furmanek, Sarah Hsu, Mathew Yarossi, Eugene Tunik
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the anticipation of a mechanical perturbation applied to the arm during a reach-to-grasp movement elicits anticipatory adjustments in the reach and grasp components. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate whether anticipatory adjustments in the upper limb might be global or specific to the direction of the perturbation.

Methods: Thirteen healthy participants performed reach-to-grasp with perturbations randomly applied to their dominant limb. Participants were presented with three types of trials: unperturbed (control), trials perturbed in a predictable manner (either Up or Down), or perturbed in a partially predictable manner (knowledge about the perturbation but not its specific direction). EMG activity of 16 muscles, as well as the kinematics of wrist, thumb, and index finger, were acquired and analyzed.

Results and discussion: When the perturbation was expected, EMG activity of the triceps and pectoralis major muscles significantly increased about 50 - 200 ms before the perturbation onset. Peak acceleration of the reach was significantly higher and occurred earlier relative to control trials. Similar adjustments were observed in the grasp kinematics, reflected as significantly shorter time to peak aperture velocity and acceleration, as well as in increased activity of flexor and extensor digitorum 100-200 ms before perturbation onset. In summary, our data demonstrate that knowledge of an upcoming perturbation of reach during reach-to-grasp action triggers anticipatory adjustments not only in the muscles controlling the reach component, but also in those controlling grasp. Furthermore, our data revealed that the preparatory activations were generalized, rather than direction specific.

扰动伸手可引起运输和抓握的预期反应。
简介本研究的目的是调查在从伸手到抓握的动作中,手臂受到机械扰动的预期是否会引起伸手和抓握部分的预期调整。此外,我们还旨在评估上肢的预期调整是整体性的还是针对扰动方向的:方法:13 名健康的参与者在进行伸手抓握动作时,对其优势肢体随机施加扰动。参与者将接受三种类型的试验:无扰动(对照组)、以可预测方式(向上或向下)扰动的试验或以部分可预测方式(了解扰动但不知道其具体方向)扰动的试验。采集并分析了 16 块肌肉的肌电图活动以及手腕、拇指和食指的运动学数据:当预期扰动发生时,肱三头肌和胸大肌的肌电图活动在扰动开始前约 50 - 200 毫秒显著增加。与对照组试验相比,伸手的峰值加速度明显更高,而且出现的时间更早。在抓握运动学中也观察到了类似的调整,反映在达到峰值孔径速度和加速度的时间明显缩短,以及在扰动开始前 100-200 毫秒屈肌和伸肌活动增加。总之,我们的数据表明,在从伸手到抓握的动作中,对即将发生的伸手扰动的了解不仅会触发控制伸手部分的肌肉的预期调整,而且会触发控制抓握部分的肌肉的预期调整。此外,我们的数据还显示,准备性激活是泛化的,而不是特定方向的。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.90%
发文量
830
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience is a first-tier electronic journal devoted to understanding the brain mechanisms supporting cognitive and social behavior in humans, and how these mechanisms might be altered in disease states. The last 25 years have seen an explosive growth in both the methods and the theoretical constructs available to study the human brain. Advances in electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropsychological, psychophysical, neuropharmacological and computational approaches have provided key insights into the mechanisms of a broad range of human behaviors in both health and disease. Work in human neuroscience ranges from the cognitive domain, including areas such as memory, attention, language and perception to the social domain, with this last subject addressing topics, such as interpersonal interactions, social discourse and emotional regulation. How these processes unfold during development, mature in adulthood and often decline in aging, and how they are altered in a host of developmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders, has become increasingly amenable to human neuroscience research approaches. Work in human neuroscience has influenced many areas of inquiry ranging from social and cognitive psychology to economics, law and public policy. Accordingly, our journal will provide a forum for human research spanning all areas of human cognitive, social, developmental and translational neuroscience using any research approach.
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