Association between dried fruit intake and kidney function: research from univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomized studies.

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2024.1440896

Yuhang Gao, Xinghai Yue, Wanchao Zhao, Fang Yuan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Observational studies have identified an association between dried fruit intake and kidney function. However, these studies have limitations such as vulnerability to confounders and reverse causality bias. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between dried fruit intake and kidney function.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using a large-scale genome-wide association study dataset to investigate the causal relationship between dried fruit intake and kidney function markers (blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CR), uric acid (UA), cystatin C (CyC), hematuria, microalbuminuria). The main analytical method was inverse variance weighting. In addition, we applied the MR Egger and weighted median to assess the robustness of the results. Finally, Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was used to estimate the direct effect of dried fruit intake on kidney function markers.

Results: The univariate MR analysis showed that increased dried fruit intake was associated with lower kidney function markers, including BUN (β: -0.171, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.239 to -0.102, p = 1.063 × 10^-6), CR (β: -0.205, 95% CI: -0.311 to -0.099, p = 1.455 × 10^-4), UA (β = -0.317, 95% CI: -0.384 to -0.249, p = 4.439 × 10^-20), and CysC (β = -0.323, 95% CI: -0.384 to -0.249, p = 1.074 × 10^-11); however, it was unrelated to hematuria and microalbuminuria. Causality persisted after performing MVMR analysis; however, with the addition of alcohol consumption and smoking as exposure factors, the causality for UA (β = -0.296, 95% CI: -0.523 to -0.068, p = 1.094 × 10^-2) and CysC (β = -0.238, 95% CI: -0.465 to -0.011, p = 4.024× 10^-2) weakened, while the causality for BUN (β = -0.038, 95% CI: -0.215 to 0.138, p = 6.698 × 10^-1) and CR (β = -0.038, 95% CI: -0.431 to 0.046, p = 1.347 × 10^-1) disappeared.

Conclusion: Increased dried fruit intake was associated with lower kidney function markers (BUN, CR, UA, and CysC) in the absence of smoking and alcohol consumption; however, the causal relationship between dried fruit intake and BUN and CR disappeared in the presence of smoking and alcohol consumption. These results provide a promising avenue for delaying the course of chronic kidney disease.

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干果摄入量与肾功能的关系：单变量和多变量孟德尔随机研究。

研究目的观察性研究发现，干果摄入量与肾功能之间存在关联。然而，这些研究存在局限性，如易受混杂因素和反向因果关系偏倚的影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨干果摄入量与肾功能之间的潜在因果关系：方法：利用大规模全基因组关联研究数据集开展了一项双样本孟德尔随机化（MR）研究，探讨干果摄入量与肾功能指标（血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（CR）、尿酸（UA）、胱抑素C（CyC）、血尿、微量白蛋白尿）之间的因果关系。主要分析方法是反方差加权法。此外，我们还应用了 MR Egger 和加权中位数来评估结果的稳健性。最后，我们采用多变量孟德尔随机分析法（MVMR）来估计干果摄入量对肾功能指标的直接影响：单变量 MR 分析显示，干果摄入量的增加与肾功能指标的降低有关，包括 BUN（β：-0.171，95% 置信区间（CI）：-0.239 至 -0.102，p = 1.063 × 10-6）、CR（β：-0.205，95% CI：-0.311 至 -0.099，p = 1.063 × 10-6）、BUN（β：-0.171，95% 置信区间（CI）：-0.239 至 -0.102，p = 1.063 × 10-6099，p = 1.455 × 10-4）、UA（β = -0.317，95% CI：-0.384 至 -0.249，p = 4.439 × 10-20）和 CysC（β = -0.323，95% CI：-0.384 至 -0.249，p = 1.074 × 10-11）；但与血尿和微量白蛋白尿无关。在进行 MVMR 分析后，因果关系依然存在；然而，在增加饮酒和吸烟作为暴露因素后，UA（β = -0.296，95% CI：-0.523 至 -0.068，p = 1.094 × 10-2）和 CysC（β = -0.238, 95% CI: -0.465 to -0.011, p = 4.024× 10-2) 的因果关系减弱，而 BUN (β = -0.038, 95% CI: -0.215 to 0.138, p = 6.698 × 10-1) 和 CR (β = -0.038, 95% CI: -0.431 to 0.046, p = 1.347 × 10-1) 的因果关系消失：结论：在不吸烟和不饮酒的情况下，干果摄入量的增加与肾功能指标（BUN、CR、UA 和 CysC）的降低有关；然而，在吸烟和饮酒的情况下，干果摄入量与 BUN 和 CR 之间的因果关系消失了。这些结果为延缓慢性肾脏病的进程提供了一个很有希望的途径。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

2891

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.