Self-evaluations and the language of the beholder: objective performance and language solidarity predict L2 and L1 self-evaluations in bilingual adults.

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Esteban Hernández-Rivera, Alessia Kalogeris, Mehrgol Tiv, Debra Titone
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Abstract

People are often asked to self-evaluate their abilities, and these evaluations may not always reflect objective reality. Here, we investigated this issue for bilingual adults' self-evaluations of language proficiency and usage. We specifically examined how people's self-reported language solidarity impacted their first- (L1) and second-language (L2) self-evaluations, while statistically controlling for their objective language performance (i.e. LexTALE). We also investigated whether this impact varied for value-laden evaluations (e.g. how "good" am I at my L2) vs. usage-based evaluations (e.g. how often do I use my L2) for two sociolinguistically distinct groups (i.e. English-L1 speakers vs. French-L1 speakers in Montreal). Starting with value-laden self-evaluations, we found that French-L1 speakers with more favourable L2-English solidarity tended to underestimate their objective L2 ability, whereas French-L1 speakers with less favourable L2-English solidarity more accurately estimated their objective L2 ability. In contrast, English-L1 speakers with more favourable L2-French solidarity more accurately estimated their objective L2 ability than those with less favourable L2-French solidarity who underestimated their L2-French abilities. Turning to usage-based self-evaluations, we found that participants' self-evaluations were generally more accurate reflections of their performance, in a manner that was less affected by individual differences in self-reported language solidarity. This implies that language solidarity (or perhaps language attitudes more generally) can implicitly or explicitly impact bilingual adults' language self-evaluations when these evaluations are value-laden. These data suggest that people's language attitudes can bias how they perceive their abilities, although self-evaluations based on language use may be less susceptible to bias than those that are value-laden. These data have implications for the study of language and cognition that depend on self-assessments of individual differences and are relevant to work on how people self-assess their abilities generally.

自我评价与被观察者的语言:客观表现和语言团结可预测双语成人的 L2 和 L1 自我评价。
人们经常被要求对自己的能力进行自我评价,而这些评价可能并不总是反映客观现实。在这里,我们研究了双语成人对语言能力和使用的自我评价。在对客观语言表现(即 LexTALE)进行统计控制的同时,我们特别考察了人们自我报告的语言团结程度对其第一语言(L1)和第二语言(L2)自我评价的影响。我们还研究了在两个社会语言不同的群体中(即在蒙特利尔讲英语(L1)的人与讲法语(L1)的人),这种影响是否会因价值评价(如我的 L2 有多 "好")和使用评价(如我多经常使用我的 L2)而有所不同。从价值导向的自我评价入手,我们发现,L2-E1团结度较高的讲法语-L1的人往往低估了自己的客观L2能力,而L2-E1团结度较低的讲法语-L1的人则更准确地估计了自己的客观L2能力。与此相反,L2-F1团结程度较高的英语-L1学习者比L2-F1团结程度较低的英语-L1学习者更准确地估计了自己的客观L2能力,后者则低估了自己的L2-F2能力。至于以使用为基础的自我评价,我们发现参与者的自我评价通常更准确地反映了他们的表现,而这种方式受自我报告的语言团结程度的个体差异的影响较小。这意味着,语言团结(或者更普遍的语言态度)会或隐或显地影响双语成人的语言自我评价,如果这些评价是有价值的。这些数据表明,人们的语言态度会对他们如何看待自己的能力产生偏差,尽管基于语言使用的自我评价可能比那些带有价值取向的自我评价更不容易受到偏差的影响。这些数据对依赖于个体差异自我评估的语言和认知研究具有重要意义,同时也与人们如何对自身能力进行自我评估的研究相关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
7.30%
发文量
96
审稿时长
25 weeks
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