The Impact of Diglossia on Executive Functions and on Reading in Arabic.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.3390/brainsci14100963

Raphiq Ibrahim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: In contrast to most other languages, where the spoken and written words are similar, children that have mastered Spoken Arabic (SA) learn to read a new written form of Arabic usually called Literary Arabic (LA). This phenomenon is called "diglossia".

Methods: Based on a series of studies comparing monolingual Arabic speaking and bilingual children, it has been suggested that Arabic speaking individuals develop metacognitive abilities that are considered bilinguals de facto. Some of the cognitive functions that would seem to benefit from fluency in more than one language are metalinguistic and metacognitive awareness.

Results: This review article summarizes the results of studies on the relationship between bilingualism, diglossia and executive functions (EFs) which involve metacognitive awareness, selective attention, control of inhibition and cognitive flexibility as well as working memory (phonemic manipulation and metalingual performances).

Conclusions: The findings are in line with research results that have shown that bilingualism has a positive effect on the functioning of an individual's attentional system across the lifespan. The neural basis of diglossia in Arabic, as well as the conclusions and implications drawn from the impact of diglossia on EF and on reading in Arabic, are discussed.

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双语对执行功能和阿拉伯语阅读的影响

背景：与口语和书面语相似的大多数其他语言不同，掌握了阿拉伯语口语（SA）的儿童会学习阅读一种新的阿拉伯语书面形式，通常称为文学阿拉伯语（LA）。这种现象被称为 "失语"：根据一系列比较阿拉伯语单语儿童和双语儿童的研究，有人认为讲阿拉伯语的人发展的元认知能力事实上被认为是双语者。流利使用一种以上语言似乎会使认知功能中的金属语言和元认知意识受益：结果：这篇综述文章总结了有关双语能力、失语症和执行功能（EFs）之间关系的研究结果，其中涉及元认知意识、选择性注意、抑制控制和认知灵活性以及工作记忆（音位操作和金属语言表现）：这些研究结果与双语对个体整个生命周期的注意系统功能有积极影响的研究结果是一致的。本研究还讨论了阿拉伯语双语失读的神经基础，以及双语失读对EF和阿拉伯语阅读的影响所得出的结论和意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Brain Sciences Neuroscience-General Neuroscience

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

9.10%

发文量

1472

审稿时长

18.71 days

期刊介绍： Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes and short communications in the areas of cognitive neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, molecular and cellular neuroscience, neural engineering, neuroimaging, neurolinguistics, neuropathy, systems neuroscience, and theoretical and computational neuroscience. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.