Ecological momentary assessment of delay discounting, reward valuation, and craving in very light cigarette users.

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Melinda L Furer, Siyuan Huang, Joshua M Smyth, Stephen J Wilson
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Abstract

Heightened delay discounting has been linked to adverse smoking cessation outcomes, including among light cigarette users. Few studies have evaluated delay discounting's proposed mechanism, preference reversal (concurrent increases in valuation of/craving for desired objects), and none have done so in naturalistic settings. We examined how person-level delay discounting moderated the within-person association between cigarette valuation and craving among very light daily cigarette users who were financially incentivized to abstain. Forty participants completed a baseline delay-discounting task and intermittent ratings of cigarette valuation and craving during the incentivized abstinence attempt. Subjects earned monetary rewards for abstinence on a descending schedule (e.g., $20 on Days 1 and 2 and $2.50 on Days 9 and 10). Consistent with preference reversals, there was a positive association between cigarette valuation and craving. This relation was moderated by delay discounting (stronger among those with low discounting rates) and by monetary reinforcement amount (stronger on days with low reinforcement). Additionally, subjects were more likely to report stronger cravings on days with high monetary reinforcement, with this effect moderated by delay discounting (stronger among those with low discounting rates). The results suggest that heightened delay discounting may not confer risk for preference reversal among very light daily cigarette users who are attempting abstinence.

对极少吸烟者的延迟贴现、奖励估价和渴求进行生态瞬间评估。
延迟折现的增加与不良戒烟结果有关,包括轻烟使用者。很少有研究对延迟折现的拟议机制--偏好逆转(对所需对象的估价/渴望同时增加)进行评估,也没有研究在自然环境下进行评估。我们研究了个人层面的延迟折现是如何调节受经济激励戒烟的极轻度日常吸烟者的香烟估值与渴求之间的人际关联的。40 名受试者完成了基线延迟贴现任务,并在受激励的戒烟尝试中对香烟价值和渴求进行了间歇性评分。受试者按递减计划获得戒烟金钱奖励(例如,第 1 天和第 2 天 20 美元,第 9 天和第 10 天 2.50 美元)。与偏好逆转一致,香烟估值与渴求之间存在正相关。这种关系受延迟折现(低折现率者更强)和货币强化金额(低强化日更强)的调节。此外,在高货币强化日,受试者更有可能报告出更强烈的渴求感,这种效应受延迟折现的调节(在低折现率受试者中更强烈)。这些结果表明,在试图戒烟的每日吸烟量极少的人中,延迟折现的增加可能不会带来偏好逆转的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
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