Oxidative Stress, Glutaredoxins, and Their Therapeutic Potential in Posterior Capsular Opacification.

IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Chenshuang Li, Weijia Yan, Hong Yan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common long-term complication of cataract surgery. Traditionally, the pathogenesis of PCO involves the residual lens epithelial cells (LECs), which undergo transdifferentiation into a myofibroblast phenotype, hyperproliferation, matrix contraction, and matrix deposition. This process is driven by the marked upregulation of inflammatory and growth factors post-surgery. Recently, research on the role of redox environments has gained considerable attention. LECs, which are in direct contact with the aqueous humour after cataract surgery, are subjected to oxidative stress due to decreased levels of reduced glutathione and increased oxygen content compared to contact with the outer fibre layer of the lens before surgery. In this review, we examine the critical role of oxidative stress in PCO formation. We also focus on glutaredoxins (Grxs), which are antioxidative enzymes produced via deglutathionylation, their protective role against PCO formation, and their therapeutic potential. Furthermore, we discuss the latest advancements in PCO therapy, particularly the development of advanced antioxidative pharmacological agents, and emphasise the importance and approaches of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant treatments in PCO management. In conclusion, this review highlights the significant roles of oxidative stress in PCO, the protective effects of Grxs against PCO formation, and the potential of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies in treating PCO.

氧化应激、谷胱甘肽及其在后睑囊变性中的治疗潜力。
后囊不透明(PCO)是白内障手术最常见的长期并发症。传统上,PCO 的发病机制涉及残留的晶状体上皮细胞 (LEC),这些细胞会发生转分化,形成肌成纤维细胞表型、过度增殖、基质收缩和基质沉积。这一过程是由手术后炎症因子和生长因子的明显上调驱动的。最近,有关氧化还原环境作用的研究受到了广泛关注。白内障手术后直接与水液接触的 LECs 与手术前与晶状体外纤维层接触的 LECs 相比,由于还原型谷胱甘肽水平降低和氧含量增加,LECs 会受到氧化应激的影响。在本综述中,我们将探讨氧化应激在 PCO 形成过程中的关键作用。我们还重点研究了谷胱甘肽(Grxs),这是一种通过脱谷胱甘肽化作用产生的抗氧化酶,它们对 PCO 形成的保护作用及其治疗潜力。此外,我们还讨论了 PCO 治疗的最新进展,特别是先进的抗氧化药理制剂的开发,并强调了抗炎和抗氧化治疗在 PCO 治疗中的重要性和方法。总之,本综述强调了氧化应激在 PCO 中的重要作用、Grxs 对 PCO 形成的保护作用以及抗炎和抗氧化疗法在治疗 PCO 中的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Antioxidants
Antioxidants Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Physiology
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
11.40%
发文量
2123
审稿时长
16.3 days
期刊介绍: Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921), provides an advanced forum for studies related to the science and technology of antioxidants. It publishes research papers, reviews and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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