Retrotransposon SINEs in age-related diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications

IF 12.5 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2024.102539

Suleman Shah , Siyi Yu , Chen Zhang , Ilyas Ali , Xiufang Wang , Youhui Qian , Tian Xiao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Retrotransposons are self-replicating genomic elements that move from one genomic location to another using a “copy-and-paste” method involving RNA intermediaries. One family of retrotransposon that has garnered considerable attention for its association with age-related diseases and anti-aging interventions is the short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). This review summarizes current knowledge on the roles of SINEs in aging processes and therapies. To underscore the significant research on the involvement of SINEs in aging-related diseases, we commence by outlining compelling evidence on the classification and mechanism, highlighting implications in age-related phenomena. The intricate relationship between SINEs and diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, heart failure, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, visual system dysfunctions, and cancer is explored, emphasizing their roles in various age-related diseases. Recent investigations into the anti-aging potential of SINE-targeted treatments are examined, with particular attention to how SINE antisense RNA mitigate age-related alterations at the cellular and molecular levels, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for age-related pathologies. This review aims to compile the most recent advances on the multifaceted roles of SINE retrotransposons in age-related diseases and anti-aging interventions, providing valuable insights into underlying mechanisms and therapeutic avenues for promoting healthy aging.

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逆转录转座子 SINEs 在老年相关疾病中的作用：机制和治疗意义。

逆转录转座子是一种自我复制的基因组元件，它通过涉及 RNA 中间体的 "复制粘贴 "方法从一个基因组位置移动到另一个基因组位置。短穿插核元素（SINEs）是逆转录转座子的一个家族，因其与老年相关疾病和抗衰老干预措施有关而备受关注。本综述总结了目前有关 SINEs 在衰老过程和疗法中的作用的知识。为了强调有关 SINEs 参与衰老相关疾病的重要研究，我们首先概述了有关其分类和机制的有力证据，并强调了其对衰老相关现象的影响。我们探讨了 SINEs 与神经退行性疾病、心力衰竭、高血压、动脉粥样硬化、2 型糖尿病、骨质疏松症、视觉系统功能障碍和癌症等疾病之间错综复杂的关系，强调了它们在各种老年相关疾病中的作用。本综述还探讨了有关 SINE 靶向治疗抗衰老潜力的最新研究，尤其关注 SINE 反义 RNA 如何在细胞和分子水平上缓解与年龄相关的改变，从而为老年相关病症的潜在治疗靶点提供见解。这篇综述旨在汇集有关 SINE 逆转录座子在老年相关疾病和抗衰老干预中的多方面作用的最新进展，为促进健康老龄化的潜在机制和治疗途径提供有价值的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

216

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.