Exploring the Phenotype and Possible Mechanisms of Palinopsia in Visual Snow Syndrome.

IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Cassandra J Brooks, Joanne Fielding, Owen B White, David R Badcock, Allison M McKendrick
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Abstract

Purpose: Palinopsia (persistent afterimages and/or trailing) is a common but poorly understood symptom of the neurological condition visual snow syndrome. This study aimed to collect a phenotypical description of palinopsia in visual snow syndrome and probe for abnormalities in temporal visual processing, hypothesizing that palinopsia could arise from increased visibility of normal afterimage signals or prolonged visible persistence.

Methods: Thirty controls and 31 participants with visual snow syndrome (18 with migraine) took part. Participants completed a palinopsia symptom questionnaire. Contrast detection thresholds were measured before and after brief exposure to a spatial grating because deficient contrast adaptation could increase afterimage visibility. Temporal integration and segregation were assessed using missing-element and odd-element tasks, respectively, because prolonged persistence would promote integration at wide temporal offsets. To distinguish the effects of visual snow syndrome from comorbid migraine, 25 people with migraine alone participated in an additional experiment.

Results: Palinopsia was common in visual snow syndrome, typically presenting as unformed images that were frequently noticed. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found neither reduced contrast adaptation (F(3.22, 190.21) = 0.71, P = 0.56) nor significantly prolonged temporal integration thresholds (F(1, 59) = 2.35, P = 0.13) in visual snow syndrome. Instead, participants with visual snow syndrome could segregate stimuli in closer succession than controls (F(1, 59) = 4.62, P = 0.04, ηp2 = 0.073) regardless of co-occurring migraine (F(2, 53) = 1.22, P = 0.30). In contrast, individuals with migraine alone exhibited impaired integration (F(2, 53) = 4.44, P = 0.017, ηp2 = 0.14).

Conclusions: Although neither deficient contrast adaptation nor prolonged visible persistence explains palinopsia, temporal resolution of spatial cues is enhanced and potentially more flexible in visual snow syndrome.

探索视觉雪综合征腭视的表型和可能机制
目的:苍白视力(持续性残像和/或拖尾)是视觉雪综合征这一神经系统疾病的常见症状,但人们对其了解甚少。本研究旨在收集视觉雪综合征患者的视苍白表型描述,并探究时间视觉处理的异常,假设视苍白可能源于正常残像信号的可见度增加或可见度持续时间延长:方法:30 名对照组患者和 31 名视觉雪综合征患者(其中 18 人患有偏头痛)参加了此次研究。参与者填写了苍白症状问卷。在短暂暴露于空间光栅之前和之后测量对比度检测阈值,因为对比度适应不足会增加残像可见度。时间整合和分离分别使用缺失元素和奇数元素任务进行评估,因为长时间的持续会促进大时间偏移的整合。为了区分视觉雪综合征与合并偏头痛的影响,25 名单独患有偏头痛的患者参加了另一项实验:结果:视雪综合征中常见的是眼球震颤,通常表现为经常被注意到的未成形图像。与我们的假设相反,我们发现视觉雪综合征患者的对比度适应性既没有降低(F(3.22,190.21)=0.71,P=0.56),时间整合阈值也没有显著延长(F(1,59)=2.35,P=0.13)。相反,与对照组相比(F(1,59)= 4.62,P = 0.04,ηp2 = 0.073),患有视觉雪综合征的参与者可以更紧密地连续分离刺激,而与同时出现的偏头痛无关(F(2,53)= 1.22,P = 0.30)。相比之下,单独患有偏头痛的人表现出整合能力受损(F(2, 53) = 4.44, P = 0.017, ηp2 = 0.14):结论:虽然对比度适应不足或可见光持续时间过长都不能解释苍白性视力障碍,但视觉雪综合征患者的空间线索的时间分辨率增强,而且可能更加灵活。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
339
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (IOVS), published as ready online, is a peer-reviewed academic journal of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). IOVS features original research, mostly pertaining to clinical and laboratory ophthalmology and vision research in general.
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