The Effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis on the Prevention of Asthma in an Animal Model.

Abstract

The increase in the prevalence of asthma, particularly in urban communities, has encouraged investigations into preventive strategies. The hygiene theory proposes that early exposure to infections and unhygienic conditions during childhood influences immune system development, potentially protecting against allergic diseases. The mechanisms involved are related to alterations in the intestinal microbiota, such as with probiotics. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis, administered isolated or in combination, at various concentrations, on asthma in an animal model. Mice received two concentrations (1 × 10⁹ and 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU/ml) of three probiotics, isolated and in combination, over 26 consecutive days, initiating 10 days before sensitizing and challenging with ovalbumin. In vivo bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway and lung inflammation were assessed. The administration of L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, and B. animalis spp. lactis in different concentrations, isolated or in combination, did not reduce hyperresponsiveness and airway and lung inflammation. As probiotic effects are strain and dose-dependents, specific studies are necessary to assess the effect of different probiotic strains, doses, and regimes.