A multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) for Ghanaian adults under transition: the RODAM Study.

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0

Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Mary Nicolaou, Manuela De Allegri, Karlijn A C Meeks, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Julia Stockemer, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Isaac Agbemafle, Silver Bahendeka, Daniel Boateng, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Erik Beune, Charles Agyemang, Matthias B Schulze, Ina Danquah

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The sustainability of diets consumed by African populations under socio-economic transition remains to be determined. This study developed and characterized a multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) reflecting healthfulness, climate-friendliness, sociocultural benefits, and financial affordability using individual-level data of adults in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe to identify the role of living environment in dietary sustainability.

Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the multi-centre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants Study (N = 3169; age range: 25-70 years). For the SDI construct (0-16 score points), we used the Diet Quality Index-International, food-related greenhouse gas emission, the ratio of natural to processed foods, and the proportion of food expenditure from income. In linear regression analyses, we estimated the adjusted ß-coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the differences in mean SDI across study sites (using rural Ghana as a reference), accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.

Results: The overall mean SDI was 8.0 (95% CI: 7.9, 8.1). Participants in the highest SDI-quintile compared to lower quintiles were older, more often women, non-smokers, and alcohol abstainers. The highest mean SDI was seen in London (9.1; 95% CI: 8.9, 9.3), followed by rural Ghana (8.2; 95% CI: 8.0, 8.3), Amsterdam (7.9; 95% CI: 7.7, 8.1), Berlin (7.8; 95% CI: 7.6, 8.0), and urban Ghana (7.7; 95% CI: 7.5, 7.8). Compared to rural Ghana, the differences between study sites were attenuated after accounting for age, gender and energy intake. No further changes were observed after adjustment for lifestyle factors.

Conclusion: The multi-dimensional SDI describes four dimensions of dietary sustainability in this Ghanaian population. Our findings suggest that living in Europe improved dietary sustainability, but the opposite seems true for urbanization in Ghana.

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加纳转型期成年人的多维可持续饮食指数（SDI）：RODAM 研究。

背景：社会经济转型期非洲人口饮食的可持续性仍有待确定。本研究利用加纳农村和城市成年人以及在欧洲的加纳移民的个人层面数据，开发了多维度的可持续饮食指数（SDI），该指数反映了饮食的健康性、气候友好性、社会文化利益和经济承受能力，以确定生活环境在饮食可持续性中的作用：我们使用了多中心非洲移民肥胖和糖尿病研究（N = 3169；年龄范围：25-70 岁）的横截面数据。在 SDI 结构（0-16 分）中，我们使用了国际膳食质量指数、与食品相关的温室气体排放量、天然食品与加工食品的比例以及食品支出占收入的比例。在线性回归分析中，我们估算了不同研究地点（以加纳农村地区为参照）平均膳食质量指数差异的调整ß系数和95%置信区间（CIs），并考虑了社会人口和生活方式因素：总体平均 SDI 为 8.0（95% CI：7.9，8.1）。与较低的五分位数相比，SDI 最高的五分位数的参与者年龄较大，多为女性，不吸烟，并且戒酒。伦敦的 SDI 平均值最高（9.1；95% CI：8.9，9.3），其次是加纳农村（8.2；95% CI：8.0，8.3）、阿姆斯特丹（7.9；95% CI：7.7，8.1）、柏林（7.8；95% CI：7.6，8.0）和加纳城市（7.7；95% CI：7.5，7.8）。与加纳农村地区相比，在考虑年龄、性别和能量摄入后，研究地点之间的差异有所减小。在对生活方式因素进行调整后，没有观察到进一步的变化：多维 SDI 描述了加纳人口膳食可持续性的四个方面。我们的研究结果表明，生活在欧洲可以提高膳食的可持续性，但加纳的城市化似乎恰恰相反。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.