{"title":"An analytical model from physical parameters to minimum ranging time for photon-counting LiDARs","authors":"Po-Hsuan Chen, Chun-Hsien Liu, Sheng-Di Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.111810","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long-distance light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been highly demanded for applications on unmanned vehicles and drones. CMOS-fabricated single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) play a key role in the receiver end due to their high photo-sensitivity and readiness for system-on-chip integration. However, the large amounts of involved components together with the diverse ranging conditions make engineering and optimizing these modules a daunting challenge. In this work, we have developed an analytical model for calculating minimum ranging time from the physical parameters for a photon-counting LiDAR. The experimental verifications of the model have been performed and a good consistency has been obtained. Our work enables architecture design and optimization for making low-cost high-performance SPAD LiDARs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 111810"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics and Laser Technology","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030399224012684","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Long-distance light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been highly demanded for applications on unmanned vehicles and drones. CMOS-fabricated single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) play a key role in the receiver end due to their high photo-sensitivity and readiness for system-on-chip integration. However, the large amounts of involved components together with the diverse ranging conditions make engineering and optimizing these modules a daunting challenge. In this work, we have developed an analytical model for calculating minimum ranging time from the physical parameters for a photon-counting LiDAR. The experimental verifications of the model have been performed and a good consistency has been obtained. Our work enables architecture design and optimization for making low-cost high-performance SPAD LiDARs.
期刊介绍：
Optics & Laser Technology aims to provide a vehicle for the publication of a broad range of high quality research and review papers in those fields of scientific and engineering research appertaining to the development and application of the technology of optics and lasers. Papers describing original work in these areas are submitted to rigorous refereeing prior to acceptance for publication.
The scope of Optics & Laser Technology encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas:
•development in all types of lasers
•developments in optoelectronic devices and photonics
•developments in new photonics and optical concepts
•developments in conventional optics, optical instruments and components
•techniques of optical metrology, including interferometry and optical fibre sensors
•LIDAR and other non-contact optical measurement techniques, including optical methods in heat and fluid flow
•applications of lasers to materials processing, optical NDT display (including holography) and optical communication
•research and development in the field of laser safety including studies of hazards resulting from the applications of lasers (laser safety, hazards of laser fume)
•developments in optical computing and optical information processing
•developments in new optical materials
•developments in new optical characterization methods and techniques
•developments in quantum optics
•developments in light assisted micro and nanofabrication methods and techniques
•developments in nanophotonics and biophotonics
•developments in imaging processing and systems
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